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Himken, M.; Lammel, Joachim; Neukirchen, D.; Czypionka-Krause, U.; Olfs, H.‐W.

doi:10.1023/a:1004244614537

Cited by 184 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Increased N application rate led to a reduction in NUE, which is similar to the finding of Lewandowski and Schmidt (2006). However, many other studies reported that N fertilization is not required to achieve high M. × giganteus biomass yields (Himken et al, 1997; Lewandowski et al, 2000; Heaton et al, 2004; Christian et al, 2008). The different responses to N applications can be explained by the following: (1) Much of the M. × giganteus productivity research was conducted in Europe, and despite of the spatial variations, generally atmospheric N deposition rates are higher in Western Europe than in the USA (Holland et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Two long-termed M. × giganteus fertility studies in Europe found no productivity response to N fertilization over many years (Himken et al, 1997; Christian et al, 2008), while a third study reported a N response of biomass as the plot aged beyond 10 years (Clifton-Brown et al, 2007). The Illinois M. × giganteus studies were initially designed to compare M. × giganteus yields with those of switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) with no added fertility (Heaton et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Biomass Production and Yield Components of Miscanthus ×giganteus

et al. 2017

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Grasses such as Miscanthus ×giganteus and Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) can potentially be used to produce bioenergy on a large scale in the Midwestern USA. The biomass productivity of these warm-season perennial grasses, particularly M. × giganteus, can be substantial, even when grown with limited inputs. The literature, however, varies regarding the nitrogen requirements for M. ×giganteus biomass production. In addition, there is a lack of information that identifies the yield-component(s) (including total tiller number, tiller weight, total tiller diameter, total tiller height, phytomer number, reproductive tiller number, vegetative tiller number, reproductive tiller height, vegetative tiller height, reproductive tiller diameter, vegetative tiller diameter, and reproductive tiller phytomer number) that contributes to M. ×giganteus biomass yields. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of fertilization on biomass yield and individual M. × giganteus plant-yield components. Plots of M. ×giganteus were planted in 2008 in Urbana, IL, USA, and received annual applications of 0, 60, or 120 kg N ha-1. M. ×giganteus productivity increased when nitrogen was applied; between 2011 and 2014, nitrogen applications of 60 or 120 kg N ha-1 produced average annual yields of 22.0 dry Mg ha-1 compared to 11.8 dry Mg ha-1 for unfertilized M. ×giganteus. Both the total number of tillers per m2 and the tiller weight also increased as N-application rates increased. Our results indicate that increased reproductive tiller density and tiller weight with increased N fertilization increased M. ×giganteus biomass yield.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Biomass Production and Yield Components of Miscanthus ×giganteus

et al. 2017

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“…In Central-Eastern Europe (Poland) where insolation and temperatures are lower, the DMY of giant miscanthus biomass (after reaching full productive potential) is determined at 16-29 Mg ha −1 year −1 (Borkowska & Molas, 2013;Dubis et al, 2017;Jankowski et al, 2016;Kołodziej, Antonkiewicz, & Sugier, 2016; Figure 3). Similar biomass yields have been noted in Western Europe, including Germany (Clifton-Brown et al, 2001;Gauder, Graeff-Hönninger, Lewandowski, & Claupein, 2012;Himken et al, 1997;Knörzer, Hartung, Piepho, & Lewandowski, 2013), Belgium (Godin et al, 2013), andFrance (Lesur-Dumoulin, Lorin, Bazot, Jeuffroy, &Loyce, 2016). In Scandinavian countries (Northern Europe), the yield potential of giant miscanthus is estimated at 10-20 Mg DM ha −1 year −1 (Jørgensen, 1997).…”

Section: Czypionkasupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The high yield potential of perennial rhizomatous grasses can be attributed to their rapid growth and high photosynthetic efficiency. Perennial plants also utilize soil nutrients more effectively, which decreases the demand for fertilizers and related management operations (Dohleman, Heaton, Arundale, & Long, 2012; Himken, Lammel, Neukirchen, -Krause, & Olfs, 1997;Lewandowski & Schmidt, 2006;Zhu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Biomass Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass production and energy balance of Miscanthus over a period of 11 years: A case study in a large‐scale farm in Poland

et al. 2019

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Giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus Greef and Deuter) and Amur silver grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus Maxim./Hack) are rhizomatous grasses with a C4 photosynthetic pathway that are widely cultivated as energy crops. For those species to be successfully used in bioenergy generation, their yields have to be maintained at a high level in the long term. The biomass yield (fresh and dry matter [DM] yield) and energy efficiency (energy inputs, energy output, energy gain, and energy efficiency ratio) of giant miscanthus and Amur silver grass were compared in a field experiment conducted in 2007–2017 in North‐Eastern Poland. Both species were characterized by high above‐ground biomass yields, and the productive performance of M. × giganteus was higher in comparison with M. sacchariflorus (15.5 vs. 9.3 Mg DM ha−1 year−1 averaged for 1–11 years of growth). In the first year of the experiment, the energy inputs associated with the production of M. × giganteus and M. sacchariflorus were determined at 70.5 and 71.5 GJ/ha, respectively, and rhizomes accounted for around 78%–79% of total energy inputs. In the remaining years of cultivation, the total energy inputs associated with the production of both perennial rhizomatous grasses reached 13.6–15.7 (M. × giganteus) and 16.9–17.5 GJ ha−1 year−1 (M. sacchariflorus). Beginning from the second year of cultivation, mineral fertilizers were the predominant energy inputs in the production of M. × giganteus (78%–86%) and M. sacchariflorus (80%–82%). In years 2–11, the energy gain of M. × giganteus reached 50 (year 2) and 264–350 GJ ha−1 year−1 (years 3–11), and its energy efficiency ratio was determined at 4.7 (year 2) and 18.6–23.3 (years 3–11). The energy gain and the energy efficiency ratio of M. sacchariflorus biomass in the corresponding periods were determined at 87–234 GJ ha−1 year−1 and 6.1–14.3, respectively. Both grasses are significant and environmentally compatible sources of bioenergy, and they can be regarded as potential energy crops for Central‐Eastern Europe.

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“…These plants, during both the growing season and harvest, naturally condition the upper layers of degraded soil by supplying organic carbon through leaf drop, biomass residues and root exudates. Additionally, they aid the cycling of many other essential nutrients, e.g., N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, and Si (e.g., El Bassam, 1997; Himken et al, 1997; Majtkowski, 1998; Ercoli et al, 1999; Kahle et al, 2001; Kozak et al, 2006; Danalatos et al, 2007; Kalembasa and Malinowska, 2007; Borzącka-Walker, 2008; Christian et al, 2008; Curley et al, 2009). The ability of M×g to supply carbon to the soil is demonstrated within this study; organic carbon levels significantly increased in the soil following the cultivation of the plants even without fertilization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment, Growth, and Yield Potential of the Perennial Grass Miscanthus × Giganteus on Degraded Coal Mine Soils

Jeżowski

Mos²,

Buckby³

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Miscanthus × giganteus is a giant C4 grass native to Asia. Unlike most C4 species, it is relatively cold tolerant due to adaptations across a wide range of altitudes. These grasses are characterized by high productivity and low input requirements, making them excellent candidates for bioenergy feedstock production. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential for growing Miscanthus on extremely marginal soils, degraded by open lignite (brown coal) mining. Field experiments were established within three blocks situated on waste heaps originating from the lignite mine. Analyses were conducted over the first 3 years following Miscanthus cultivation, focusing on the effect of organic and mineral fertilization on crop growth, development and yield in this extreme environment. The following levels of fertilization were implemented between the blocks: the control plot with no fertilization (D0), a plot with sewage sludge (D1), a plot with an identical amount of sewage sludge plus one dose of mineral fertilizer (D2) and a plot with an identical amount of sewage sludge plus a double dose of mineral fertilizer (D3). Crop development and characteristics (plant height, tillering, and biomass yield [dry matter]) were measured throughout the study period and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Significant differences were apparent between plant development and 3rd year biomass production over the course of the study (0.964 kg plant-1 for DO compared to 1.503 kg plant-1 for D1). Soil analyses conducted over the course of the experiment showed that organic carbon levels within the soil increased significantly following the cultivation of Miscanthus, and overall, pH decreased. With the exception of iron, macronutrient concentrations remained stable throughout. The promising yields and positive effects of Miscanthus on the degraded soil suggests that long term plantations on land otherwise unsuitable for agriculture may prove to be of great environmental and economic significance.

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Cited by 184 publications

References 6 publications

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Biomass Production and Yield Components of Miscanthus ×giganteus

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Biomass Production and Yield Components of Miscanthus ×giganteus

Biomass production and energy balance of Miscanthus over a period of 11 years: A case study in a large‐scale farm in Poland

Establishment, Growth, and Yield Potential of the Perennial Grass Miscanthus × Giganteus on Degraded Coal Mine Soils

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