Kjøring under påvirkning av amfetamin og metamfetamin

Lia, Kjersti; Spigset, Olav; Slørdal, Lars

doi:10.4045/tidsskr.09.34091

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…High doses may lead to obvious impairment, although this is not necessarily the case. After repeated use, depletion of neurotransmitters may lead to lack of effect and even to exhaustion ( 8 , 37 ). Therefore, cocaine may have diverse effects related to pattern of use and dose taken.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving under the influence of cocaine and MDMA: Relationship between blood concentrations and results from clinical test of impairment

Heide,

Jamt,

Fainberg-Sandbu

et al. 2024

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

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The general use of cocaine is increasing in recent years, while the trend for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is less clear. The relationship between blood concentrations and impairment is poorly understood, which complicates interpretation. The aims of this study were to report prevalence and blood concentrations of cocaine and MDMA in drugged drivers, and to investigate the relationship between blood concentrations and impairment. Samples of whole blood were collected from apprehended drivers in the period 2000–2022, and a clinical test of impairment (CTI) was simultaneously performed. The samples were initially analyzed for cocaine and MDMA using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (until 2009 and 2012, respectively), and later using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, cocaine was detected in 2,331 cases and MDMA in 2,569 cases. There were 377 and 85 mono cases of cocaine and MDMA, respectively. In the mono cases, the median cocaine concentration was 0.09 mg/L (range: 0.02–1.15 mg/L), and 54% of the drivers were clinically impaired. The median MDMA concentration was 0.19 mg/L (range: 0.04–1.36 mg/L), and 38% were clinically impaired. There was a statistically significant difference in the median cocaine concentration between drivers assessed as not impaired (0.07 mg/L) and drivers assessed as impaired (0.10 mg/L) (P = 0.009). There was also a significant effect of the blood concentration of cocaine (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13–36.53, P = 0.036) and driving during the evening/night-time (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.34–3.51, P = 0.002) on the probability of being assessed as impaired on the CTI. No significant differences were found for MDMA. Many drivers are not assessed as impaired on a CTI following cocaine or especially MDMA use. For cocaine, a relationship between blood concentrations and impairment was demonstrated, but this could not be shown for MDMA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving under the influence of cocaine and MDMA: Relationship between blood concentrations and results from clinical test of impairment

Heide,

Jamt,

Fainberg-Sandbu

et al. 2024

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

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“…Although the literature findings are somewhat contradictory, there does not appear to be a dose–effect relationship for impaired driving performance following amphetaminic consumption. ( Gustavsen et al, 2006 , Lia et al, 2009 , Musshoff and Madea, 2012 ). However, driving under the influence of amphetamines is associated with an elevated risk of accident (odds ratio [95% confidence interval: 12.8 [3.0–54.0]) ( Dussault et al, 2002 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and drug consumption among motor vehicle drivers in the Brittany region of France: A 9-year cross-sectional population study

Daré¹,

Degrémont²,

Couty³

et al. 2021

Preventive Medicine Reports

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The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of positive tests for alcohol and drugs during roadside testing or after road accidents among drivers in the Brittany region of France. The study’s secondary objective was to describe the blood concentrations of the substances found during these tests, in order to provide a scientific basis for the establishment or modification of legislative threshold values for road injuries prevention. We performed a cross-sectional study of a database compiled by Rennes University Hospital’s toxicology laboratory in the Brittany region of France between 2010 and 2018. Driver’s age, sex, and test status (positive or negative), and blood levels of ethanol, 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), methylene dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), amphetamine, benzoylecgonine and 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) were collected. Twelve thousand four hundred and ninety-seven drivers (males: 86.1%; median (range) age: 29 (15–94)) have provided roadside blood samples, giving a total of 25,998 test results. Among the 10,996 drivers with at least one positive test, the median blood concentrations of ethanol, THC, MDMA, amphetamine, benzoylecgonine, and 6-MAM were respectively 1.82 g/L, 2.41 ng/mL, 138.4 ng/mL, 67.7 ng/mL, 173.3 ng/mL, and 0.97 ng/mL. 1159 (10.54%) of the 10,996 drivers tested positive for two or more substances, and 151 (1.4%) tested positive for three or more substances. With the exception of heroin, the currently recommended threshold values appear to be appropriate for road injuries prevention with regard to the concentrations observed in offenders.

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“…Etter inntak av en liten enkeltdose vil sentralstimulerende stoffer, spesielt hos søvndepriverte, kunne føre til økt våkenhet og bedre prestasjoner ved psykomotoriske tester (120)(121)(122). Gjentatt bruk vil derimot kunne føre til senking av endogene transmitternivåer (som ledsages av forskjellig type påvirkning), noe det kan ta mange dager å normalisere etter avsluttet bruk (119).…”

Section: Sentralstimulerende Stofferunclassified

Misvisende om cannabis og trafikkfare

Paust¹

2018

Tidsskriftet

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Kjøring under påvirkning av amfetamin og metamfetamin

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Driving under the influence of cocaine and MDMA: Relationship between blood concentrations and results from clinical test of impairment

Driving under the influence of cocaine and MDMA: Relationship between blood concentrations and results from clinical test of impairment

Alcohol and drug consumption among motor vehicle drivers in the Brittany region of France: A 9-year cross-sectional population study

Misvisende om cannabis og trafikkfare

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