Kiss1/Kiss1r Signal System and Its Role in the Carcinogenesis

Abstract

The KISS1 / KISS1R signaling system can serve as a regulator of metastasis of tumors and is a potential prognostic marker of tumor processes. The action of kisspeptin10 on the Era-negative non - malignant breast epithelial cells or KISS1R expression in these cells can induce passage to the mesenchymal phenotype and to stimulate the invasiveness. The level of expression of KISS1 in remote breast cancer metastases is lower than in the primary tumor: methylation of the KISS1 promoter may be one of the reasons for the decrease of the expression of mRNA and KISS1 protein in the cells of breast cancer metastases in the brain. The clinical significance of KISS1 lies in the prediction of involvement in the neoplastic process in the lymphnodes. Features of expression of KISS1 / KISS1R in Era-positive tumors give hope for the emergence of new approaches to the treatment of these tumors. The level of KISS1 expression can serve as a molecular marker predicting the quality of tumor response to Tamoxifen therapy, especially in postmenopausal women.