KiSS-1 peptide induces release of LH by a direct effect on the hypothalamus of ovariectomized ewes

Arreguin-Arevalo, J. Alejandro; Lents, C. A.; Farmerie, Todd A.; Nett, Terry M.; Clay, Colin M.

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.09.021

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…1), these data suggest that any direct pituitary effect of kisspeptin to increase plasma GH concentrations in the ruminant remains to be determined. Moreover, although gonadotropes express Kiss1r , Arreguin-Arevalo et al [45] found kisspeptin had very little pituitary role in regulating LH in sheep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction of Kisspeptin and the Somatotropic Axis

et al. 2010

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Kisspeptin, a regulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, has been hypothesized as an integrator of nutrition and hormones critical to metabolism and the regulation of reproduction. Growth hormone (GH) is necessary for optimal reproduction and recent evidence suggests that its secretion may be influenced by kisspeptin. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the effect of kisspeptin to stimulate GH release is due to an interaction with growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) or somatostatin (SS), or an effect at the hypothalamus. Intravenous injection and infusion of kisspeptin [500 pmol/kg BW (650 ng/kg)/h × 5 h] to cows (n = 5) increased serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) but not GH. Pretreatment with kisspeptin injection and infusion in cows (n = 5) reduced the stimulatory effect of GHRH (0.05 µg/kg BW) on GH secretion. However, the magnitude of the GH response to GHRH (assessed by incremental AUC) was not affected by kisspeptin. In these same cows, administration of kisspeptin prevented the increase in GH induced by SS infusion (0.5 µg/kg BW/ h × 1.5 h) withdrawal. Peripheral administration of kisspeptin [200 and 1,000 pmol/kg BW (260 and 1,300 ng/kg)] increased serum concentrations of LH but not GH in ewes (n = 8). However, concentrations of GH were stimulated by central kisspeptin treatment [100 and 200 pmol/kg BW (130 and 260 ng/kg)] in ewes. In addition to activating the gonadotropic axis, kisspeptin can activate the somatotropic axis in ruminants. Present data support the concept of a central site of action for this effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in addition to increasing LH, kisspeptin administered in sheep increased GnRH concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid within the third cerebral ventricle of the brain [55]. Moreover, administration of GnRH antiserum to OVX ewes prevented the increase in secretion of LH induced by kisspeptin [45]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Kisspeptin and the Somatotropic Axis

et al. 2010

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“…An administration of kisspeptin, either centrally or peripherally, has been shown to elicit the release of gonadotropins in ruminants [10][11][12][13][14][15] as well as in rats [16,17], pigs [18], monkeys [19] and humans [20,21]. However, in cattle, only two in vivo studies have been conducted [13,14], and the precise effects of kisspeptin on the secretion of pituitary hormones under physiological conditions are unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Kisspeptin neurons are found in the hypothalamus [7][8][9], and kisspeptins strongly stimulate the secretion of gonadotropin through a G protein-coupled receptor known as GPR54 [3][4][5]. The actions of these peptides are thought to involve mainly stimulating GnRH's neuronal activity through GPR54 [3][4][5].An administration of kisspeptin, either centrally or peripherally, has been shown to elicit the release of gonadotropins in ruminants [10][11][12][13][14][15] as well as in rats [16,17], pigs [18], monkeys [19] and humans [20,21]. However, in cattle, only two in vivo studies have been conducted [13,14], and the precise effects of kisspeptin on the secretion of pituitary hormones under physiological conditions are unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Stimulatory Effect of Kisspeptin-10 on the Secretion of Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Growth Hormone in Prepubertal Male and Female Cattle

Ahmed

Saito

Sawada

et al. 2009

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The aims of the present study were to clarify the effect of kisspeptin-10 (Kp10) on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and growth hormone (GH) in prepubertal male and female cattle. The experiments were performed from May to June using five male (4-6 months old) and five female (5-6 months old) Japanese Black calves. A single intravenous (iv) injection of Kp10 (5 μg/kg body weight (b.w.): 3.85 nmol/ kg b.w.)significantly stimulated the release of LH and FSH in male and female calves (P<0.05). A single intramuscular injection of Kp10 (5 μg/kg b.w.) also significantly stimulated the release of LH and FSH in male calves (P<0.05), though the response was smaller than that to the iv injection. The injection of Kp10 did not alter the basal plasma concentration of GH in male or female calves. The area under the curve (AUC) of both LH and FSH for a 120-min period after the iv injection of Kp10 was significantly greater in the males than females (P<0.05). These results show that Kp10 can stimulate the release of LH and FSH in calves of both sexes and that the response to the peptide is greater in males at this age. They also show that Kp10 has no effect on the release of GH in male and female calves and that the LH-and FSHreleasing effect of Kp10 is greater after an iv injection than after an im injection in calves. Key words: Cattle, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Growth hormone (GH), Kisspeptin-10, Luteinizing hormone (LH) (J. Reprod. Dev. 55: 650-654, 2009) he pituitary's release of gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), is essential to normal gonadal development and function [1], such as ovulation in females and spermatogenesis in males [2]. The brain-pituitarygonadal axis is operated by the decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the mammalian brain. However, recently, the KiSS-1/GPR54 system in the hypothalamus was implicated in the regulation of this axis [3][4][5].Kisspeptin is the product of the KiSS-1 gene, which encodes a 145-amino acid peptide that is further processed to generate biologically active peptides of various lengths (10-54 amino acids) termed kisspeptins [5,6]. Kisspeptin neurons are found in the hypothalamus [7][8][9], and kisspeptins strongly stimulate the secretion of gonadotropin through a G protein-coupled receptor known as GPR54 [3][4][5]. The actions of these peptides are thought to involve mainly stimulating GnRH's neuronal activity through GPR54 [3][4][5].An administration of kisspeptin, either centrally or peripherally, has been shown to elicit the release of gonadotropins in ruminants [10][11][12][13][14][15] as well as in rats [16,17], pigs [18], monkeys [19] and humans [20,21]. However, in cattle, only two in vivo studies have been conducted [13,14], and the precise effects of kisspeptin on the secretion of pituitary hormones under physiological conditions are unknown.Puberty as a successful reproductive event is closely related to interactions between the gonadotropic axis ...

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“…Kisspeptins are potent stimulators of luteinizing hormone (LH) in many species [6,7,8,9,10], whether given peripherally or directly into the brain. Regardless of the route of administration, the stimulatory effect of kisspeptin on gonadotropin secretion appears to be gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) dependent because the effects are blocked in the presence of GnRH antagonists [7,8,10,11] or GnRH antiserum [12]. Furthermore, kisspeptin has no direct effect on the pituitary gonadotropes to cause LH release in sheep [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Cyclical Change in the Luteinizing Hormone Response to Kisspeptin in the Ewe

Smith

Saleh

Clarke³

2009

Neuroendocrinology

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Background: Kisspeptins are recognized as important stimulators of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotropin secretion. In sheep, the nonbreeding (anestrous) period is characterized by reduced Kiss1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the response to kisspeptin treatment varies between the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. Methods: Corriedale ewes were treated intravenously with murine kisspeptin-10 (submaximal dose: 20 μg or maximal dose: 250 μg) or GnRH (250 ng) during either the anestrous period or during the breeding season at the luteal, mid-follicular, or late-follicular phase of the estrous cycle. Results: Kisspeptin treatment increased the concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH) in all animals. We found the LH response to kisspeptin (20 μg) was greater in ewes during the anestrous period, being 4-fold that seen during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle. Within the breeding season, kisspeptin (20 μg) was most effective during the late-follicular phase of the estrous cycle. Kisspeptin treatment (both 20 and 250 μg) had no effect on plasma levels of growth hormone, prolactin or cortisol. The variable effect of kisspeptin (20 μg) on LH secretion appeared to mirror that of GnRH treatment indicating that the effect may be mediated by a change in the pituitary response to GnRH. Conclusion: We conclude that the gonadotropic response to kisspeptin depends upon the reproductive status of the female.

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KiSS-1 peptide induces release of LH by a direct effect on the hypothalamus of ovariectomized ewes

Cited by 40 publications

References 36 publications

Interaction of Kisspeptin and the Somatotropic Axis

Interaction of Kisspeptin and the Somatotropic Axis

Characteristics of the Stimulatory Effect of Kisspeptin-10 on the Secretion of Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Growth Hormone in Prepubertal Male and Female Cattle

Seasonal and Cyclical Change in the Luteinizing Hormone Response to Kisspeptin in the Ewe

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