Kingdom Of Priests: A Description Of The Mission Of Old Testament Israel

Carswell, John

doi:10.2986/tren.001-1193

DOI: 10.2986/tren.001-1193

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Kingdom Of Priests: A Description Of The Mission Of Old Testament Israel

John Carswell¹

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…T NF, a cytokine predominantly produced by activated macrophages, exerts a cytotoxic or cytostatic effect on some tumor cell lines in vitro and has the capacity to induce necrosis of solid tumors in some animal models (1)(2)(3)(4). TNF has, in addition to the antitumor effects, a broad spectrum of biological activities, implicating a major role in immune and inflammatory responses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, TNF stimulates cells to express cell-surface adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (9, 10), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (11,12), and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (13). Because of some of these actions, TNF has beneficial antitumor activity (1,2). However, TNF might also contribute to tumor progression.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of experimental metastasis by tumor necrosis factor.

Orosz

Echtenacher

Falk

et al. 1993

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

182

120

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SummaryThe influence of endogenous and exogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on metastasis was investigated in an experimental fibrosarcoma metastasis model. A single intraperitoneal injection of recombinant human (rh) TNF or recombinant mouse (rm) TNF into mice 5 h before intravenous inoculation of methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma cells (CFS1) induced a significant enhancement of the number of metastases in the lung. Dose responses of rmTNF and rhTNF demonstrated a stronger metastasis-augmenting effect by rmTNF compared with rhTNF. This effect was time dependent, as administration of rmTNF 5 h before or 1 h but not 24 h after tumor cell inoculation caused an increase of tumor cell colony formation on the lung surface, suggesting an influence of TNF on the vascular adhesion and diapedesis of tumor cells. Since tumor-bearing mice showed an enhanced ability to produce TNF after endotoxin injection compared to control mice, tumor-bearing mice were treated with anti-mTNF antibodies. Neutralization of endogenous tumor-induced TNF led to a significant decrease of the number of pulmonary metastases. Histological analysis of micrometastases in the lung on day 5 by silver staining of proteins associated with nucleolar organizer regions revealed more metastatic loci and augmented proliferative activity of the tumor cells after rmTNF pretreatment of mice. However, no direct effect of rmTNF on the proliferation rate of tumor cells was seen in vitro. These findings suggest that low doses of endogenous TNF or administered TNF during cytokine therapy might enhance the metastatic potential of circulating tumor cells.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of experimental metastasis by tumor necrosis factor.

Orosz

Echtenacher

Falk

et al. 1993

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

182

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Tumour necrosis factor (TNF, also termed TNFalpha and eacheetin) is a monocyte-produced protein originally described in 1975 as a factor that could induce necrosis of tumours [3]. Since then it has become apparent that TNF is a pleiotropic mediator that induces a number of different biological effects in various target cells/organs [7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) is not Constitutively Present in Vivo The Association of TNF with Freshly Isolated Monocytes Reflects a Rapid in Vitro Production

Hofsli¹,

Lamvik²,

Nissen‐Meyer³

1988

Scand J Immunol

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Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) cytotoxic activity has been shown not to be present in detectable amounts in the serum of healthy humans, but it may be found in some patients with meningococcal disease. In this study we investigated whether TNF is constitutively present in vivo on or within monocytes. TNF was detected on freshly isolated paraformaldehyde-fixed monocytes from both healthy individuals and cancer patients. No significant difference was found between the two groups. TNF appeared first 40-60 min after in vitro monocyte adherence, which is the same time as it took TNF to appear extracellularly after the exposure of in vitro cultured monocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This indicates that TNF associated with freshly isolated monocytes was synthesized in vitro. The inducing signal may be monocyte contact with plastic. Exposure of whole blood to LPS immediately after vein puncture was followed by about twice as rapid TNF release as that observed with in vitro cultured monocytes. The release was inhibited by cycloheximide but not by actinomycin D, indicating that the TNF detected did not represent TNF present in vivo. This is consistent with the fact that no TNF cytotoxic activity was detected in blood cell extracts. However, TNF-mRNA may have been present in vivo. Thus, the available evidence indicates that TNF is not constitutively expressed in vivo.

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Kingdom Of Priests: A Description Of The Mission Of Old Testament Israel

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Enhancement of experimental metastasis by tumor necrosis factor.

Enhancement of experimental metastasis by tumor necrosis factor.

Evidence that Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) is not Constitutively Present in Vivo The Association of TNF with Freshly Isolated Monocytes Reflects a Rapid in Vitro Production

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