Kinetics of the styrene emulsion polymerization usingn-dodecyl mercaptan as chain-transfer agent

Mendoza, Jaime; Cal, José C. de la; Asúa, José M.

doi:10.1002/1099-0518(20001215)38:24<4490::aid-pola180>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Emulsion polymerization using mercaptans as molecular weight regulator has been deeply investigated for many years [5,[29][30][31][32]. A large of these early works showed that there were additional complications in emulsion polymerizations that were not seen in bulk or solution systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion polymerization of styrene using irreversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer agents: effect on the course of the polymerization and molecular weight

Gao

Yan

et al. 2012

Colloid Polym Sci

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The emulsion polymerization of styrene with three different chain transfer agents (CTAs) based on irreversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (AFCT) mechanism was first reported in this work. The influences of these irreversible AFCT agents on the rate of polymerization, particle size, and molecular weight were investigated. It was found that the intrinsic activity and desorption behaviors of the CTAs determined the efficiency for molecular weight control, rate of polymerization, and particle size in the emulsion polymerization. It has been demonstrated that the rate of polymerization and particle size decreased dramatically in the presence of the irreversible AFCT agents with high chain transfer constant (ethyl α-ptoluenesulfonyl-methacrylate), meanwhile, the molecular weight of the polystyrene could not be controlled well, whereas the irreversible AFCT agents with low chain transfer constant (butyl(2-phenylallyl)sulfane and 2,3-dichloropropene) had a slight effect on the polymerization rate, particle size, and were fairly well for molecular weight control over the whole conversion range in the emulsion polymerization of styrene. The average number of radicals per particle and the number-average molecular weight were calculated by classical radical emulsion polymerization theory, and the experimental results were in good agreement with the results of model calculations, when the irreversible AFCT agents were used as CTAs. The effect of chain transfer agents on the kinetics and nucleation in the emulsion polymerization of styrene can be attributed to desorption of chain-transferred radicals from the polymer particles.The results of this work show that butyl(2-phenylallyl)sulfane as CTA in emulsion polymerization of styrene provides the best balance between the rate of polymerization and the efficiency for molecular weight control conflicting tendencies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion polymerization of styrene using irreversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer agents: effect on the course of the polymerization and molecular weight

Gao

Yan

et al. 2012

Colloid Polym Sci

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show abstract

“…This is somewhat surprising as this CTA is rather water-insoluble and it has been reported that its mass transfer rate is affected by the agitation rate. [10,31] It is a matter of speculation if this was due to the presence of water soluble monomers which may change the character of the aqueous phase increasing the solubility of the CTA or to the high solids formulation which incremented the mass transfer by collision.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Chain Transfer Agent Mass Transfer in the Semicontinuous Emulsion Copolymerization of Vinyl Acetate/Butyl Acrylate

Zubitur

Asúa²

2001

Macromol. Mater. Eng.

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“…Lopez de Arbina et al [10] studied the emulsion polymerization of styrene over a wide range of experimental conditions, finding that radical entry was consistent with the diffusional entry mechanism [11], that is a 1 Z1. In the present work, the values of a 1 and k * a obtained by Lopez de Arbina et al [10] and Mendoza et al [12], respectively, were used.…”

Section: Entry and Exit Of Radicals Into Particles Constantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These values were obtained from the literature or from experimental results. The propagation and termination constants (k pSS and k tSS ) and the partition coefficient ðK S wp Þ for styrene were taken from Mendoza et al [12]. The chain transfer constants for styrene and AEMH (k fSS and k fAA ) were taken from Ganachaud et al [17].…”

Section: Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the emulsion polymerization of amino-functionalized latex particles

Ramos

Forcada

2006

Polymer

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Kinetics of the styrene emulsion polymerization usingn-dodecyl mercaptan as chain-transfer agent

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Emulsion polymerization of styrene using irreversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer agents: effect on the course of the polymerization and molecular weight

Emulsion polymerization of styrene using irreversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer agents: effect on the course of the polymerization and molecular weight

Improving Chain Transfer Agent Mass Transfer in the Semicontinuous Emulsion Copolymerization of Vinyl Acetate/Butyl Acrylate

Modeling the emulsion polymerization of amino-functionalized latex particles

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