Kinetics of the Oxychlorination of Ethylene

Carrubba, R. V.; Spencer, Jordan L.

doi:10.1021/i260035a009

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The feed streams are; HCl from the VC monomer purification unit, ethylene from Ethydco or SIDPEC company, and Oxygen from the air separation unit, or the pressure swing adsorption unit. These feed streams enter the reactor through a distributer and sparger, the feed gases continue through the bed of catalyst and the reaction occurs over three steps [9]. The overall oxychlorination reaction of ethylene [9] is shown in Eq.…”

Section: Fig 1 Oxychlorination Process Layout For the Production Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These feed streams enter the reactor through a distributer and sparger, the feed gases continue through the bed of catalyst and the reaction occurs over three steps [9]. The overall oxychlorination reaction of ethylene [9] is shown in Eq. 1:…”

Section: Fig 1 Oxychlorination Process Layout For the Production Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9, ; 2 . = 10 −3 (9) Relation between superficial gas velocity, U o and entrainment of solids at bed surface, G s * is obtained from a plot by Zens et. al.…”

Section: Solid Entrainment In Fluidized Bedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies were conducted on the particles size of the fluidization catalyst [8][9][10]. Hatzantonis et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Oxychlorination Process Optimization for the Conversion of Ethylene to Ethylene Dichloride

El-Maghraby,

Youssef,

Shoaib

2020

IJRTE

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The catalytic oxychlorination of ethylene is widely used for the production of ethylene dichloride (EDC) which is an essential step for the production of poly-vinyl chloride (PVC). However, catalyst entrainment from the fluidization reactor has formed a problem and caused the loss of expensive catalyst powder with the outlet gas, hence less conversion in achieved. In this research we studied the catalytic oxychlorination of ethylene over the surface of geldart A powder with average particle size of 80 microns. Simulation was developed using Aspen plus and Mat Lab. It was validated against the industrial data and they were matching. Various operating conditions and variables were studied. The effect of fluidized gas velocity, bubble diameter, temperature and pressure on solid catalyst entrainment rate. In addition, the copper content from the quencher bottom was analyzed. It was found that the entrainment rate increased with the increase in fluidized gas velocity, bubble diameter, reactor temperature and pressure. While on the other hand increasing orifice diameter decreased the amount of entrained catalyst within the fluidized bed.It was found that the optimum superficial gas velocity is 2570.4 m 3 /hr.and the optimum orifice diameter is 1 cm. At this condition the lowest rate of solids entrainment out of the bed will be reached. This will decrease the amount of lost catalyst and the process will be more economic with higher gas conversion.

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Section: Fig 1 Oxychlorination Process Layout For the Production Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig 1 Oxychlorination Process Layout For the Production Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9, ; 2 . = 10 −3 (9) Relation between superficial gas velocity, U o and entrainment of solids at bed surface, G s * is obtained from a plot by Zens et. al.…”

Section: Solid Entrainment In Fluidized Bedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies were conducted on the particles size of the fluidization catalyst [8][9][10]. Hatzantonis et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Oxychlorination Process Optimization for the Conversion of Ethylene to Ethylene Dichloride

El-Maghraby,

Youssef,

Shoaib

2020

IJRTE

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“…Several mechanism and kinetic studies have been reported in the literature for ethylene oxychlorination [18][19][20] …”

Section: Reaction Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of ethylene oxychlorination fluidized-bed reactor using Differential Evolution (DE) method

Khademi

2017

Scientia Iranica

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Abstract. The present work aims to employ Di erential Evolution (DE) algorithm to optimize ethylene oxychlorination process to produce 1,2-dichloroethane in a uidized bed reactor as a feedstock of PVC production. A steady-state reactor model, based on twophase theory of uidization, was developed to investigate the e ects of various parameters on C 2 H 4 and HCl conversions. The model's results were compared favorably with the industrial data obtained from a pilot plant working in Italy. The feed temperature, pressure, HCl and O2 molar ow rates, and cooling medium temperature were selected as decision variables to minimize the objective function subject to the environmental constraints. The highest performance was found at HCl/C2H4 and O2/C2H4 molar ratios of 2 and 0.55, respectively; feed and cooling medium temperatures of 440 and 360 K, respectively; pressure of 367.6 kPa. The results show a decrease of 20 C in the feed temperature, which leads to saving energy and reducing the size of the pre-heater.

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Prediction and Tuning of the Defects in the Redox Catalysts: Ethylene Oxychlorination

Fenes

et al. 2020

ChemCatChem

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The defect plays a significant role in tuning the electronic structure of metal compounds such as oxides, chlorides, sulfides and nitrides, which is frequently used to explain the enhanced catalytic activity. However, the dynamic change of defect relating to the oxidation state change during the reaction is rarely addressed, and it is still not able to be appropriately predicted since the kinetic modeling of the redox reaction involving the in‐situ formation of defects is challenged by the dynamic evolution of the active sites and the complex kinetic phenomena. Here, for the first time, we present a general method to build a new kinetic model of the redox reaction cycle by combined kinetics of reduction‐ and oxidation steps to predict the time and spatially resolved formation of defects of solid catalysts and the reaction products in ethylene oxychlorination on CuCl2/Al2O3 catalyst. The defect concentration can be tuned by manipulating the relative rates of the reduction‐ and oxidation steps.

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Kinetics of the Oxychlorination of Ethylene

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

Catalytic Oxychlorination Process Optimization for the Conversion of Ethylene to Ethylene Dichloride

Catalytic Oxychlorination Process Optimization for the Conversion of Ethylene to Ethylene Dichloride

Optimization of ethylene oxychlorination fluidized-bed reactor using Differential Evolution (DE) method

Prediction and Tuning of the Defects in the Redox Catalysts: Ethylene Oxychlorination

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