Kinetics of the filtration of dilute suspensions

Ives, Kenneth J.; Pienvichitr, V.

doi:10.1016/0009-2509(65)80094-x

Cited by 83 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Using this concept, Taylor and Jaffé (1990) followed the same approach as Ives and Pienvichitr (1965) for colloids trapped in a porous medium: they considered a porous medium made of spheres of uniform size and various beads arrangements. The biofilm is considered to be uniformly distributed around the beads.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigation of hydrodynamic/biomass growth coupling in a pilot scale granular bioreactor at low pore Reynolds number

Karrabi

Séchet

Morra

et al. 2011

Chemical Engineering Science

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International audienceThrough a coupled experimental/modelling approach, this study investigates the functioning of a fixed bed bioreactor of Biolite beads, inoculated with Pseudomonas putida, in order to biotreat phenol contaminated waters at low Reynolds number. In particular the coupling between water flow and biomass growth is studied through the evaluation of the relationship between bed permeability reduction and biomass content as well as hydrodynamic effects on biological kinetics. In term of bioclogging, our results showed a very sharp decrease of the relative bed permeability well correlated with measured biofilm growth (for relative permeability greater than 0.8) as well as a saturation of the bed permeability at low relative porosity. However, most of the models available in the literature failed to describe our observed results. Our work permitted to show a strongly heterogeneous longitudinal biofilm development along the bed and thus a strongly heterogeneous longitudinal occupation of the porosity that decreased rapidly at the bed entry. Furthermore, the observed measured porosity saturation was shown to correspond to a biomass distribution involving the existence of channelling, through a growth/detachment equilibrium, rather than a complete clogging of the bed reactor. Biofilm microstructure built at the pore scale by bacteria (e.g. via the modulation of EPS production) probably explains the observed permeability/porosity results in the early stage of bed bioclogging. However, the present experiments do not allow measuring such a microstructuration effect. Through the analysis of a simple 1D model written at the mesoscale, we showed that the closure laws accounting for the different biological kinetics (growth, detachment, etc.) are flow dependent, as they represent effective properties and complex biological processes averaged at the mesoscale. Given the low Reynolds number investigated in the present paper, this dependency appears not only controlled by mass transfer evolution but may also involve more complex biological regulation (biological response to physical chemical stresses). As a consequence, formulations that are strictly valid at the cell scale (e.g. Monod formulation) should be used with care if no averaging or upscaling methods are used. The main conclusion of the present work is that the knowledge of macroscopic laws, such as the permeability-porosity relationship is not sufficient to account for the coupling between hydrodynamics and biomass growth in porous media. As bacterial biofilms are formed of populations able to adapt their metabolism to their evolving microenvironment, and in particular to hydrodynamic conditions, it appears that the predictive character of such models could be largely improved if these closure laws were not postulated a priori but deduced either from upscaling techniques, or, as in this paper, from ad hoc experiments performed at the global scale

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigation of hydrodynamic/biomass growth coupling in a pilot scale granular bioreactor at low pore Reynolds number

Karrabi

Séchet

Morra

et al. 2011

Chemical Engineering Science

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“…(17) can be generalized by accounting for the variation with time of the amount of the particle deposition within the pores of the membrane. By employing the mass σ of particles deposited on the pore wall per unit membrane area, referred to as the specific deposit (Maroudas and Eisenklam, 1965;Ives and Pienvichitr, 1965;Tien and Payatakes, 1979;Choo and Tien, 1995), the variations of ε and S with the progress of filtration can be, respectively, represented by…”

Section: Significance Of Blocking Index N In Blocking Filtration Lawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments of Blocking Filtration Model in Membrane Filtration

Iritani

Katagiri

2016

KONA

119

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Blocking filtration laws consist of four different filtration mechanisms: complete blocking, standard blocking, intermediate blocking, and cake filtration. Blocking filtration laws for describing both the pore blocking and cake formation have been extensively employed over the past several decades to evaluate the increase in filtration resistance with the progress of filtration in the field of classical particulate filtration. In recent years, blocking filtration laws become widely used also in membrane filtration such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration of colloids. This paper gives an overview of the developments of blocking filtration laws and equations under constant pressure and constant rate conditions reported for the filtrate flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The fouling index evaluating the degree of membrane fouling was examined on the basis of the blocking filtration equations. The blocking filtration laws were reexamined to extend the range of their application. Moreover, various combined models developed based on the blocking filtration laws were introduced for describing more rigorously the complicated filtration behaviors controlled by more than one mechanism which occurs successively or simultaneously.

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“…The pressure drop changes are then related to the amount of deposition by empirical correlations, such as (Ives and Pienvichitr, 1965),…”

Section: Empirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A network model for deep bed filtration of solid particles and emulsion drops

1988

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A network model has been developed to simulate the flow of emulsions and solid particles through porous media. Particle deposition due to direct interception, as well pore plugging by straining are accounted for in the model. The effects of two important factors-the ratio of particle size to pore size, and the fluid velocity-on particle deposition are also investigated. The strength of the model lies in its ability to predict accurately effluent concentration profiles, permeability changes occurring during deep bed filtration, and the evolution of the filter coefficient with time. Model predictions for different particle and pore size distributions of both solid and emulsion particles are in agreement with experimental data. Vol. 34, No. 11 AIChE Journal Particle of Limitina traiectorv Flow in Parabolic velocity profile Figure 2. Particle capture probability is equivalent to fraction of total flow in annulus between R, and R, -@a.

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Kinetics of the filtration of dilute suspensions

Cited by 83 publications

References 4 publications

Investigation of hydrodynamic/biomass growth coupling in a pilot scale granular bioreactor at low pore Reynolds number

Investigation of hydrodynamic/biomass growth coupling in a pilot scale granular bioreactor at low pore Reynolds number

Developments of Blocking Filtration Model in Membrane Filtration

A network model for deep bed filtration of solid particles and emulsion drops

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