Kinetics of the Excretion and Utilization of Xylose

Dominguez, R.; Goldblatt, Harry; Pomerene, Elizabeth

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1937.119.3.429

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In the dog, xylose excretion has been found to be linearly related to plasma concentration (43). From our data also it would appear that the logarithmic disappearance curve of xylose from plasma is in part attributable to a first order excretion process.…”

Section: Urinary Excretion Of Pentosessupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Attempts to follow C14 excretion in later urine specimens showed that no more than 0.2 per cent of the administered isotope appeared on days 2 or 3. (41,60), and with limited animal data obtained with D-xylose in dogs (43) and rabbits (61,62), and with L-arabinose in rabbits (63). It is of interest also that intravenously administered L-xylulose is well utilized by the dog, Xylose excretion has been carefully studied at a renal level.…”

Section: Urinary Excretion Of Pentosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological Disposition and Metabolic Fate of Infused Pentoses in Man

Wyngaarden¹,

Segal²,

Foley³

1957

J. Clin. Invest.

107

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Section: Urinary Excretion Of Pentosessupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Urinary Excretion Of Pentosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Disposition and Metabolic Fate of Infused Pentoses in Man

Wyngaarden¹,

Segal²,

Foley³

1957

J. Clin. Invest.

107

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“…It is known that certain substances are removed from the blood and other compartments of the body through which they are distributed at a rate defined by a first-order reaction. 8 This has been shown to be the case with, e.g., acetone (10), calcium (11), creatinine (12), xylose (13), mannitol (14), and also with glucose under experimental conditions different from ours (5).…”

Section: Mean Blood Glucose Curve During the Infusionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Kinetics of Elimination of Glucose from the Blood during and after a Continuous Intravenous Injection

Jokipii¹,

Turpeinen²

1954

J. Clin. Invest.

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The glucose tolerance tests in routine clinical use are predominantly of the oral type, in which the sugar is administered by mouth. Such tests, however, suffer from the disadvantage that the rate of intestinal absorption has an effect on the results, and its variations may entirely overshadow any possible changes in carbohydrate metabolism. This difficulty may, of course, be obviated by administering the sugar by vein, and intravenous tolerance tests have actually been used by many workers (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) 2This is not meant to be a complete bibliography. Tunbridge and Allibone (3) list no less than 37 publications dealing with intravenous glucose tolerance tests. sion rates ranged from 155 to 630 mg. of glucose per minute in different experiments. In a typical experiment the infusion lasted 60 minutes. The blood sugar of the subjects was determined in samples of capillary blood by means of the Hagedorn-Jensen method (9), and the samples were generally drawn 10,20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes after the start of the infusion and in about onehalf of the experiments also 30 and 60 minutes after the end of the infusion. Urine samples were collected at the end of the infusion and often also 30 and 60 minutes later. The subjects remained recumbent during the whole experiment. RESULTS Mean blood glucose curve during the infusionThe above-described glucose tolerance tests were carried out in some thirty patients in all. After the exclusion of diabetics and a few other patients suffering from diseases known to affect carbohydrate metabolism, twenty-four patients remained whose carbohydrate metabolism was presumably normal. Their results were averaged, and the course of the mean blood glucose value during the infusion is shown in Figure 1. The mean fasting blood glucose prior to the infusion was 84.9 mg. per dl.8 This initial basal value was used as the zero level, and the curve shows the mean increases above this basal value after specified time intervals. It is seen that the blood glucose initially rises rapidly, then more and more slowly and seems to be approaching a plateau at the end of the infusion. When the plateau is reached, the rate of elimination obviously equals the rate of infusion.It is of considerable interest to examine whether the blood glucose curve shown in Figure 1 could be given some relatively simple mathematical interpretation. It is known that certain substances are removed from the blood and other compartments of the body through which they are distributed at a rate defined by a first-order reaction. 8 dl. = deciliter = 100 ml. 452

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“…al., included measurements and their interpretations in the per-equilibrative phases of distribution following Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences intravenous administration (19)(20)(21), The situation studied may be portrayed by the following scheme where an arrow indicates a process whose rate is directly proportional to amount present a t the indicated sites :…”

Section: Kinetics Of Drug Absorption Distribution and Excretionmentioning

confidence: 99%