Kinetics of sulphafurazole in undernutrition.

Abstract

1 An oral dose of 75 mg/kg body weight was used to study the kinetics of sulphafurazole in wellnourished and undernourished adult subjects. 2 There were no differences in the half‐life, volume of distribution and total body clearance of the drug in the two groups of subjects. 3 The plasma protein binding of sulphafurazole was significantly reduced in the undernouished subjects. 4 It is concluded that alternations in the dosage schedule may not be necessary in the treatment of undernourished adults with sulphafurazole.

Protein Binding of Salicylic and Salicyluric Acid in Serum from Malnourished Children: The Influence of Albumin, Competitive Binding and Non-esterified Fatty Acids

“…The common observation of hypoalbuminaemia in malnourished subjects may cause a decreased binding of drugs with affinity to this protein. Diminished binding has been observed in plasma taken from malnourished subjects after administration of doxycycline (Raghuram & Krishnaswamy 1982), phenylbutazone (Krishnaswamy et a1 1981) and sulphafurazole (Shastri 1980). In-vitro equilibrium dialysis on pooled serum from hospitalized children suffering from kwashiorkor has shown no or little difference in binding compared with normal serum binding to 18 drugs, most of which exhibited low to moderate degrees of binding.…”

Plasma protein binding and half‐life of sulphisoxazole (sulphafurazole).

“…The method suggested by Tse (1980) (Shastri, 1980) for it is seen that Vd expressed in absolute volumes or per unit body weight is similar in the two groups ( Table 1) thereby suggesting that some of the assumptions made in the equation may not be valid. One such assumption may be that SSZ is distributed only in the extracellular fluid.…”

“…Sulphisoxazole (SSZ), an antibacterial agent is reported to be one such drug and its apparent volume of distribution (Vd) is shown to be 25-30% of the body weight (Marshall, 1948). A study (Shastri, 1980) carried out on the kinetics of this drug in malnourished adults with low serum albumin levels suggests that theoretical calculations for half-life of a drug like SSZ may not be valid for actual experimental situations. A summary of the data already reported (Shastri, 1980) is presented in Table 1, along with theoretical calculations as proposed by Tse (1980).…”

“…Further, SSZ is a drug that is actively secreted by the renal tubule (Cohen & Pocelinko, 1973), a process known to be independent of plasma protein binding. Lack of differences in the half-life of SSZ (Shastri, 1980) …”

“…A study (Shastri, 1980) carried out on the kinetics of this drug in malnourished adults with low serum albumin levels suggests that theoretical calculations for half-life of a drug like SSZ may not be valid for actual experimental situations. A summary of the data already reported (Shastri, 1980) is presented in Table 1, along with theoretical calculations as proposed by Tse (1980). It may be mentioned that the undernourished subjects in the plasma protein binding experiment, had not participated in the kinetic study earlier, but they were comparable in all respects, including anthropometry and serum albumin concentrations, to the undernourished subjects in the kinetic study.…”