Kinetics of solid acid catalyzed toluene nitration using the incremental identification method

Gayatri, D; Sreedhar, I.

doi:10.1007/s11144-014-0784-1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They have concluded that the conversion and para‐selectivity could be enhanced by improving the microenvironment around the catalyst particle to achieve a favourable lattice aluminium configuration. Gayatri and Sreedhar have reported incremental identification method for estimating the kinetic parameters of Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model for zeolite catalysed toluene nitration …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of solid acids catalysed nitration of toluene: Change in selectivity by triphase (liquid–liquid–solid) catalysis

Jeeru

Pradhan

Kundu³

et al. 2017

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrotoluenes are precursors to a variety of commercially important products such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics. The protonated form of Y, ZSM-5, and mordenite zeolites as well as strongly acidic cation exchange resin (Amberlite IR-120) were examined as triphase catalyst (liquid-liquid-solid) for the nitration of toluene to produce mainly mononitrotoluenes. Among the solid acid catalysts tested, zeolites were found to be more active than cation exchange resin with highest activity for H-mordenite followed by HZSM-5 and HY zeolites. The reaction was found to be free from external diffusional resistance. The effects of other parameters (temperature, catalyst loading, and nitric acid concentration) on the rate of toluene nitration over H-mordenite catalyst were also investigated. The selectivity for p-nitrotoluene increases with temperature but decreases with increase in nitric acid concentration. The acidity level of the catalyst determines the product distribution; the stronger the acidity, the lower the ortho/para ratio is in the product mixture. The triphasic nitration reaction is kinetically controlled with an activation energy of 24.24 kJ/mol. The catalyst could be reused for several cycles with negligible loss in activity.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%