Kinetics of rubella-specific IgM antibody response in postnatal rubella infection

Córdoba, Patricia; Nates, Silvia; Mahony, James B.; Zapata, Marta

doi:10.1016/0166-0934(91)90119-k

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The maximal positive rates described here, approximately 80%, are lower than those reported from Argentina (100% 3 days post‐onset) but are equivalent to those from a study in Peru (approximately 70% 4 days post‐onset) . There are three possible factors that could account for these discrepancies, the first being confirmation of disease in our subjects.…”

Section: Summary Of Participants Enrolled In This Studycontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…The EIA kits used in Peru and in our study are both commercially available and have been shown to perform similarly . In contrast, the study in Argentina examined hemagglutination inhibition titers of purified IgM, which likely has a distinct sensitivity and specificity . The third potential factor is the study participants.…”

Section: Summary Of Participants Enrolled In This Studymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The WHO recommends the anti‐rubella IgM test for its cost effectiveness, high throughput, and low laboratory requirements. According to the WHO Measles and Rubella Laboratory manual and previous reports , serum IgM against rubella virus becomes positive 5 to 28 days after rash onset. Thus, the early timing of serum collection (≤5 days after rash onset) can result in false negative IgM tests.…”

Section: Summary Of Participants Enrolled In This Studymentioning

confidence: 97%

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Clinical value of enzyme immunoassay that detects rubella‐specific immunoglobulin M immediately after disease onset

Kurata

Uchino

Hotta

et al. 2019

Microbiology and Immunology

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A total of 300 patients with nucleic acid test-confirmed rubella, mostly adults, were investigated to determine the clinical value of a rubella-specific IgM test using an EIA kit. IgM titers increased after rash onset, the median IgM titer being significantly higher 3 days post-onset than on previous days (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the IgMpositive rate at 3 days post-onset (61.5%) was significantly higher than on previous days (P < 0.0001). This IgM test against rubella at 3 days or more post-disease onset provides the clinically relevant information. K E Y W O R D S immunoglobulin M, laboratory diagnosis, nucleic acid test, rubella Abbreviations: EIA, enzyme immunoassay; NAT, nucleic acid test; RU, relative unit; WHO, World Health Organization. 32 |

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Section: Summary Of Participants Enrolled In This Studycontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Summary Of Participants Enrolled In This Studymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Summary Of Participants Enrolled In This Studymentioning

confidence: 97%

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Clinical value of enzyme immunoassay that detects rubella‐specific immunoglobulin M immediately after disease onset

Kurata

Uchino

Hotta

et al. 2019

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…The HIA was described previously by Palmer et al (20) and Cordoba et al (3). The hemagglutinating antigen was obtained by alkaline extraction from RV-infected Vero cells (20).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Antibodies against a Rubella Virus Neutralizing Domain for Determination of Immune Status

Córdoba

Lanoel

Grutadauria

et al. 2000

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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The protective immune responses against rubella virus (RV) are related to its neutralizing epitopes, an issue that is important to consider when assessing the immune status of patients with remote infection. In the present paper, we compare the antibodies detected by a synthetic-peptide-based enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with antibodies detected by the traditional technique of hemagglutination inhibition (HIA) in patients with remote RV infection. The synthetic peptide used as an antigen (SP15) represents a neutralizing epitope that corresponds to amino acids 208 to 239 of the E1 glycoprotein. The SP15-EIA was developed, all variables that affected the assay were standardized, and the test was validated using reference sera. Serum samples (n ‫؍‬ 129) from patients with remote RV infection were tested by HIA and SP15-EIA. Discrepant sera were assayed by MEIA (IMX/Abbot). The comparison between HIA and SP15-EIA, taking HIA as the standard methodology for determining immune status, showed that SP15-EIA is very specific and sensitive for detecting protecting antibodies (specificity, 100%; sensitivity, 98.20%). This study demonstrates that antibodies against the neutralizing domain represented by SP15 would be important in the memory response after natural infection and may be a good tool in the determination of the true immune status of patients with remote infection with regard to RV. Rubella virus (RV) is the etiologic agent of German measlesand is the sole member of the genus Rubivirus in the Togaviridae family. During the first trimester of pregnancy, the infection may induce congenital malformations and viral persistence in the human fetus (26).The RV virion contains an RNA genome enclosed in an icosahedral capsid composed of protein C (33 kDa). Surrounding this nucleocapsid is a lipid bilayer, in which viral glycoproteins E1 (58 kDa) and E2 (42 to 47 kDa) are embedded (18). The humoral immune response to RV is predominantly to the E1 glycoprotein and persists indefinitely after infection (13,17).The E1 glycoprotein has been suggested to be the immunodominant antigen, since most virus-neutralizing antibodies are directed against this subunit. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were used to define the neutralizing domains on the E1 glycoprotein whose amino acid sequences were determined by overlapping synthetic peptides (9,11,12,14,21,22,24). One of these domains was defined by three independent MAbs that recognized the same sequence, represented by the synthetic peptide SP15 (E1 amino acids 208 to 239) (4, 25). Moreover, SP15 was shown to induce polyvalent antibodies with neutralizing and hemagglutination inhibition activity in mice and rabbits. The sequence of SP15 is present in several strains of RV, such as Therien, Judith, M33, HPV77, RA27/3, Gilchrist, wildtype Cordoba, and Kara 95 (5, 25).Other authors using a similar synthetic peptide, BCH-178C (E1 amino acids 213 to 239), showed the existence of human antibodies that recognize this domain (15,16,27). These authors indicate that BCH-178C can favorably replace curr...

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“…The number of IgM tests should exceed 2/100,000 population [33]. IgM is the first class of antibodies produced following a rubella infection and are detectable in virtually 100 % of cases 4-28 days after rash onset [34], and may persist for several months thereafter [35]. IgM antibodies are neutralizing [36][37][38], and their rapid production is an effective device to limit the spread of the virus and reduce viremia.…”

Section: Vaccination and Immunity Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dilemmas and Pitfalls in Rubella Laboratory Diagnostics in Low Prevalence or Elimination Settings

Charlton

Severini

2016

Curr Treat Options Infect Dis

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The changing epidemiology of rubella in populations with either low prevalence levels, or where rubella elimination has been achieved, has challenged laboratory diagnostics. This review will discuss the challenges in identification of acute rubella and outline appropriate confirmatory testing, particularly for cases with low pretest probability. Implementation of pre-analytical screening processes can mitigate follow-up testing required to confirm false positive antibody results, and laboratories should consider not accepting requests for testing that do not have appropriate travel or clinical history. The role of laboratory surveillance will be examined, and challenges in determining protective immunity to rubella infection in light of waning rubella antibody levels in vaccinated populations will be explored. Special populations including prenatal women and the prevention of congenital rubella syndrome will be discussed in the context of low prevalence populations.

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Kinetics of rubella-specific IgM antibody response in postnatal rubella infection

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Clinical value of enzyme immunoassay that detects rubella‐specific immunoglobulin M immediately after disease onset

Clinical value of enzyme immunoassay that detects rubella‐specific immunoglobulin M immediately after disease onset

Evaluation of Antibodies against a Rubella Virus Neutralizing Domain for Determination of Immune Status

Dilemmas and Pitfalls in Rubella Laboratory Diagnostics in Low Prevalence or Elimination Settings

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