Kinetics of reductive leaching of manganese oxide ore with molasses in nitric acid solution

Recovery of rare earths from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore without ammonia-nitrogen pollution: I. leaching with magnesium sulfate

“…7. With smaller flow rate, the liquid-diffusion film became thinner (Lasheen et al, 2009), and the contact time between leaching agent and rare earth ore becomes longer, so the rare earth leaching rate and efficiency increase. Rare earth efficiency herein could be 93% when the flow rate is 0.60 mL·min −1 with a collected volume of 450 mL.…”

Dynamics analysis of extraction of manganese intensified by electric field

“…Therefore, much attention has been paid to the research of pyrolusite [4][5][6]. The main component of pyrolusite is MnO2 which possesses strong stabilization in acid or alkaline oxidizing conditions [7,8]. And the extraction of pyrolusite must be accomplished by inverting the tetravalent manganese dioxide to bivalent forms.…”

“…The various reducing agents used for reduction of MnO2 are sulfur dioxide [11], ferrous sulfate [5], biomass [7], cellulose [10] and pyrite, etc [12]. Simultaneously, pyrite is widely concerned as a low cost reducing agent because it can reduce the dosage of sulfuric acid.…”

Reductive Leaching of Low-Grade Pyrolusite with Formic Acid

“…[13] For the low-or middle-grade pyrolusite, hydrometallurgy is extensively applied in the reduction of quadrivalence manganese because of its efficiency and economy. Generally, there are three kinds of hydrometallurgical reductants: organic materials including glucose, [14][15][16] sucrose, [17] cellulose, [18] and methanol [19] ; inorganic materials including pyrite, [20] hydrogen peroxide, [21] and sulfur dioxide [22] ; biomass including molasses [23] and molasses alcohol wastewater, [24] sawdust, [25] corncob, [26] dried leaves, [27] waste tea-leaves, [28] and so on. Although there have been many reductants reported on hydrometallurgy, few C 1 organic reductants have been investigated.…”