Kinetics of redox switching of electroactive polymers using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. Part I. Identifying the rate limiting step in the presence of coupled electron/ion and solvent transfer

Mixed ion transfer in redox processes of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

“…when the conducting polymer is used as a component in ion-selective electrodes [29][30][31][32][33][34][35], as a drug release membrane [36] and as a QCM-based sensor [37]. The EQCM technique has been used in many studies to explore the complex behavior of conducting polymers in their redox reactions involving several reduction or oxidation steps [14,15,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and mixed ion transfer [3,7,12,18,27,28]. The ion transfer with simultaneous solvent transfer has been studied by Hillman and coworkers [38,39] and the influence of different ionic species in n-and p-doping reactions of electrochemically synthesized conducting polymer film, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) has been studied by Ingan€ as and co-workers [40].…”

“…The type of mobile species in certain simple systems can also be determined quantitatively by the EQCM technique. This technique has been extensively used in many areas of research, such as studies on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) [5,6], adsorption of heteropolyanion films [7,8], electrodeposition of metals and alloys [9][10][11], growth of polymer films [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and different multilayer composite films [14,27,28].…”

The effect of dopant pKa and the solubility of corresponding acid on the electropolymerisation of pyrrole

“…A slow scan rate and low pH provide conditions under which CVs can be carried out [39][40][41]. The potential was swept between −1.20 V and 0.70 V vs. SCE at a scan rate of 25 mV s −1 in the presence of 0.10 M NaCl.…”

Interfacial Role of Cesium in Prussian Blue Films

“…If the characteristics of the quartz and of the liquid are considered as constant, then, becomes a function of , ℎ , ′ and ′′ to characterize conducting films. The viscoelasticity depends both on the electrolyte composition and film charge or redox state 24,34 . The solvent incorporated into the polymer network can lead to swelling and can act as plasticizer of the polymer 35 .…”