Kinetics of phenol oxidation in supercritical water

Thornton, Thomas D.; Savage, Phillip E.

doi:10.1002/aic.690380302

Cited by 125 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Some works indicated that oxidation efficiency increases when density, that is pressure, is elevated [76][77][78][79] ; others concluded that high pressure is detrimental for the oxidation rate 80 and there are authors who indicated that pressure has no effect on the SCWO rate. 81 All these experiments were performed in the temperature range from 370 to 480°C and pressure range from 18.7 to 28.2 MPa.…”

Section: Oxidation Reactions In Supercritical Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…83,84 Strictly, volume of activation is variable with pressure and temperature, but for small intervals it can be taken as a constant. 82 Some authors 77,79 explained the influence of pressure, considering that water concentration plays a role in the oxidation mechanism, and introducing the concentration of water in the kinetic expression as…”

Section: Oxidation Reactions In Supercritical Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supercritical water oxidation: A technical review

2006

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Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology presents important environmental advantages for the treatment of industrial wastes and sludges. The homogeneous reaction that takes place between the oxidizable materials and oxygen, at temperatures and pressures above the critical point of the water (647.3 K and 22.12 MPa), is well known. Specific equations of state for water and aqueous mixtures, gases, and organics have been developed. The process is not having the expected industrial development. Some new plants have been closed by corrosion and operational problems related with high temperature, high pressure, and oxidative atmosphere inside of the equipments. To overcome these technical difficulties more research focused on solving operational problems is necessary. This article presents an overview of the technical aspects of the supercritical water oxidation process. Reactors design, construction materials, corrosion, salts precipitation problems, and industrial applications are discussed. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006

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Section: Oxidation Reactions In Supercritical Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oxidation Reactions In Supercritical Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical water oxidation: A technical review

2006

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“…The rate of oxidation of phenol in supercritical water has been observed to increase with water density over a range from 6 to 29 mol/L. [4] A similar effect was observed for hydrogen and carbon monoxide over a range of water densities from 1.8 to 4.6 mol/L. [5] are predictions of the global reaction rate expressions.…”

Section: Detailed Summary Of Technical Progress This Periodmentioning

confidence: 93%

Kinetics of Supercritical Water Oxidation

Rice¹,

Tester²,

Brezinsky³

1995

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and This project consists of experiments and theoretical modeling designed to improve our understanding of the detailed chemical kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) processes. The objective of the three year project is to develop working models that accurately predict the oxidation rates and mechanisms for a variety of key organic species over the range of temperatures and pressures important for industrial applications. Our examination of reaction kinetics in supercritical water undertakes in situ measurements of reactants, intermediates, and products using optical spectroscopic techniques, primarily Raman spectroscopy. Our focus is to measure the primary oxidation steps that occur in the oxidation of methanol, phenol, methylene chloride, and some simple organic compounds containing nitro groups with a special emphasis on identifying reaction steps that involve hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide. SUBJECT TERMSsupercritical water oxidation (SCWO), optical spectroscopic techniques, Raman spectroscopy, SERDP Project description: This project consists of experiments and theoretical modeling designed to improv* our understanding of the detailed chemical kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) processes. The objective of the three year project is to develop working models that accurately predict the oxidation rates and mechanisms for a variety of key organic species over the range of temperatures and pressures important for industrial applications. Our examination of reaction kinetics in supercritical water undertakes in situ measurements of reactants, intermediates, and products using optical spectroscopic techniques, primarily Raman spectroscopy. Our focus is to measure the primary oxidation steps that occur in the oxidation of methanol, phenol, methylene chloride, and some simple organic compounds containing nitro groups with a special emphasis on identifying reaction steps that involve hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide.The work conducted here continues the experimental approach from our previous SERDP-funded project by extending measurements on key oxidant species and expanding the variety of experimental methods, primarily optical in nature, that can be used to examine reactions at SCWO conditions. Direct support will be sent to the project collaborators at MIT and Princeton who will contribute to the model development for the halogenated systems and phenol. In general, these researchers will exami...

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“…We calculated the phenol conversion and CO 2 yield that would be produced by noncatalytic SCWO under the present experimental conditions on the basis of the rate laws previously established (Thornton and Savage, 1992b;Gopalan and Savage, 1995). These calculations show that the non-catalytic contributions to the phenol conversion and the CO 2 yield are only a small portion of the experimentally observed values.…”

Section: Commercial Voc Oxidation Catalystmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatment by Catalytic Oxidation in Supercritical Water

Savage¹

1999

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Wastewaters from coal-conversion processes contain phenolic compounds in appreciable concentrations. These compounds need to be removed so that the water can be discharged or re-used. Catalytic oxidation in supercritical water is one potential means of treating coal-conversion wastewaters, and this project examined the reactions of phenol over different heterogeneous oxidation catalysts in supercritical water. More specifically, we examined the oxidation of phenol over a commercial catalyst and over bulk MnO 2 , bulk TiO 2 , and CuO supported on Al 2 O 3 . We used phenol as the model pollutant because it is ubiquitous in coal-conversion wastewaters and there is a large database for non-catalytic supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) with which we can contrast results from catalytic SCWO. The overall objective of this research project is to obtain the reaction engineering information required to evaluate the utility of catalytic supercritical water oxidation for treating wastes arising from coal conversion processes.

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Kinetics of phenol oxidation in supercritical water

Cited by 125 publications

References 18 publications

Supercritical water oxidation: A technical review

Supercritical water oxidation: A technical review

Kinetics of Supercritical Water Oxidation

Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatment by Catalytic Oxidation in Supercritical Water

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