Kinetics of Oxide Growth of Passive Films on Transition Metals

Lutton, Katie; Scully, John R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409547-2.13576-0

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There are four aspects related to the oxide film behaviour that influences EAC initiation. First of all, the protective oxide film is a living entity; it grows into the metal at the metal-film interface and dissolves into the aqueous environment at the film-solution interface [22,23]. Second, upon rupture or breakdown of the oxide film, it will reform, i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of environmentally assisted crack initiation of Alloy 182 in simulated light water reactor primary water with the engineering initiation model EngInit

Vankeerberghen

Bosch

2021

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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Environmentally assisted cracking of nickel-base alloys has been observed in the primary coolant of light water reactors and is known as primary water stress corrosion cracking. In respect of crack growth, disposition curves are available for integrity analysis. However, in respect of initiation, there is no generally accepted approach. Here, a methodology is proposed to derive a usage factor towards initiation. Reaching a usage factor of 1 means that initiation is incipient. How far one is away from a usage factor of 1 tells us about the margin towards initiation. The key function in the approach is the rate at which the usage factor increases. It is proposed to be a function of strain rate and stress. Data from constant extension rate tests with flat, tapered tensile specimens have been used to parameterise the model. The parameterised model is subsequently used to predict initiation in a tensile-loaded, large-notch specimen.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of environmentally assisted crack initiation of Alloy 182 in simulated light water reactor primary water with the engineering initiation model EngInit

Vankeerberghen

Bosch

2021

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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“…renewable energy sources could induce a breakdown of the passivation layer and an increase in oxide growth. [46][47][48] To study the passivation under alternating conditions, several hundred potential cycles between 0.4 to 1.0 V RHE and 0.4 to 1.4 V RHE were applied. 22 Figure 3a shows the dissolution profiles of the five investigated TMCs during cycling up to 1.0 V RHE .…”

Section: Isotopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The explanation is the increased electric field strength between the metal surface and the electrolyte. 46,51 The stronger the electric field, the more are the metal cations dragged towards the oxide/electrolyte interface and the oxide anions towards the metal/oxide interface. NbC exhibits the thickest oxide layer with almost 10 ML while TiC and TaC show oxide overlayers between 5 and 3 ML.…”

Section: Isotopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Passivation Properties of Valve Transition Metal Carbides

Göhl¹,

Rueß²,

Mingers³

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Transition metal carbides have the potential to be employed as corrosion protective coating for a variety of applications such as e.g. steel based bipolar plates, porous transport layers or as catalyst support in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and water electrolyzers. Yet, little is known of their fundamental, intrinsic corrosion and passivation properties. Herein, we conducted a detailed electrochemical passivation study of various valve transition metal carbides such as titanium carbide, tantalum carbide or tungsten carbide. Via flow cell measurements coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, the in-situ transition metal dissolution was monitored, and the faradaic dissolution efficiency was calculated. Together with the determination of the grown oxide layer via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, a thorough evaluation of the passivation efficiency was conducted. Moreover, it was shown that a beneficial stabilization effect can be achieved through alloying of different carbides, which paves the way towards tailor-made coatings or catalyst support materials.

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“…The closeness of the b a ′ values for the Ti and CoCr alloys suggests that these two groups have the same corrosion mechanism, whereby the anodic reaction is controlled by migration through the oxide film with limited growth, because (a) the passive film on these alloys is thin (~2–4 nm, as shown in Table 2), (b) migration of charged species through thin films is considered generally to be rate‐controlling, 23,45 and (c) buffered solutions are thought to impede film growth.…”

Section: Model For Film Growth and Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The passive behavior of biomedical alloys in simulated physiological solutions

Pound

2021

J Biomed Mater Res

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Passive alloys are commonly considered to exhibit a current that is essentially independent of potential over the passive range in neutral chloride solutions. However, the current-potential dependence of Ti and its alloys, CoCr alloys, and 316L stainless steel in buffered, simulated physiological solutions containing phosphate differs from that usually reported for the alloys in chloride-only solutions. An analysis of potentiodynamic polarization data from previous studies showed that these alloys typically exhibit an exponential dependence of current on potential-as reflected by Tafel-type behavior-over the initial part of the passive range in buffered solutions.This behavior is consistent with that predicted by the Generalized Growth Model for film growth and dissolution in the case of thin films where cation migration through the film is the rate-controlling step and where the anodic current is associated predominantly with dissolution. Film growth is thought to be impeded in the buffered solutions, allowing the rate of migration and hence dissolution to remain relatively high over a wider potential range. Analysis of the apparent Tafel slopes indicated that the Ti and CoCr alloys exhibit a similar corrosion mechanism, with a small difference in the slopes for the two groups of alloys being attributable to the difference in the type of oxide. Stainless steel 316L exhibits a distinctly higher apparent Tafel slope, which is likely associated in large part with the duplex nature of the oxide.

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Kinetics of Oxide Growth of Passive Films on Transition Metals

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of environmentally assisted crack initiation of Alloy 182 in simulated light water reactor primary water with the engineering initiation model EngInit

Analysis of environmentally assisted crack initiation of Alloy 182 in simulated light water reactor primary water with the engineering initiation model EngInit

Electrochemical Passivation Properties of Valve Transition Metal Carbides

The passive behavior of biomedical alloys in simulated physiological solutions

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