Kinetics of monomer biodegradation in soil

Siotto, Michela; Sezenna, Elena; Saponaro, Sabrina; Innocenti, Francesco Degli; Tosin, Maurizio; Bonomo, L; Mezzanotte, Valeria

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.08.018

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Generally, biodegradation is measured as the degree of mineralisation, namely the conversion into CO 2 . This method is considered the optimum approach for confirming the total biodegradability, i.e., the total conversion of organic carbon into inorganic carbon [25]. The amount of CO 2 evolved was determined by the titration of the remaining NaOH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mixed Culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in Soil

et al. 2013

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In this study, two strains of Aspergillus sp. and Lysinibacillus sp. with remarkable abilities to degrade low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were isolated from landfill soils in Tehran using enrichment culture and screening procedures. The biodegradation process was performed for 126 days in soil using UV- and non-UV-irradiated pure LDPE films without pro-oxidant additives in the presence and absence of mixed cultures of selected microorganisms. The process was monitored by measuring the microbial population, the biomass carbon, pH and respiration in the soil, and the mechanical properties of the films. The carbon dioxide measurements in the soil showed that the biodegradation in the un-inoculated treatments were slow and were about 7.6% and 8.6% of the mineralisation measured for the non-UV-irradiated and UV-irradiated LDPE, respectively, after 126 days. In contrast, in the presence of the selected microorganisms, biodegradation was much more efficient and the percentages of biodegradation were 29.5% and 15.8% for the UV-irradiated and non-UV-irradiated films, respectively. The percentage decrease in the carbonyl index was higher for the UV-irradiated LDPE when the biodegradation was performed in soil inoculated with the selected microorganisms. The percentage elongation of the films decreased during the biodegradation process. The Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to determine structural, morphological and surface changes on polyethylene. These analyses showed that the selected microorganisms could modify and colonise both types of polyethylene. This study also confirmed the ability of these isolates to utilise virgin polyethylene without pro-oxidant additives and oxidation pretreatment, as the carbon source.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mixed Culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in Soil

et al. 2013

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“…The nitrifying capability of soil after biodegradation of such a high amount of biodegradable mass is not impaired. The absence of negative effects of Mater-Bi mulch film on soil nitrification capability is not unexpected considering that Mater-Bi biodegradable plastics: (i) are not toxic (for example the Acute Oral Toxicity of Mater-Bi in rats is DL 50 > 2000 mg/kg ( OECD 420, 2001 ), (ii) are composed of biodegradable monomers ( Siotto et al, 2011 , 2012 ), and (iii) tend to be either in a solid inert form (before degradation) or, after enzymatic depolymerization, tend to be rapidly mineralized ( Saponaro et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of plastics in soil and effects on nitrification activity. A laboratory approach

et al. 2014

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The progressive application of new biodegradable plastics in agriculture calls for improved testing approaches to assure their environmental safety. Full biodegradation (≥90%) prevents accumulation in soil, which is the first tier of testing. The application of specific ecotoxicity tests is the second tier of testing needed to show safety for the soil ecosystem. Soil microbial nitrification is widely used as a bioindicator for evaluating the impact of chemicals on soil but it is not applied for evaluating the impact of biodegradable plastics. In this work the International Standard test for biodegradation of plastics in soil (ISO 17556, 2012) was applied both to measure biodegradation and to prepare soil samples needed for a subsequent nitrification test based on another International Standard (ISO 14238, 2012). The plastic mulch film tested in this work showed full biodegradability and no inhibition of the nitrification potential of the soil in comparison with the controls. The laboratory approach suggested in this Technology Report enables (i) to follow the course of biodegradation, (ii) a strict control of variables and environmental conditions, (iii) the application of very high concentrations of test material (to maximize the possible effects). This testing approach could be taken into consideration in improved testing schemes aimed at defining the biodegradability of plastics in soil.

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“…The carbon fraction which is not released as CO 2 is incorporated in the cell biomass. A simulation carried out by AQUASIM code estimated that cellular biosynthesis could account for over 50% for lactic acid, succinic acid, and glucose (Siotto et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralization of Monomeric Components of Biodegradable Plastics in Preconditioned and Enriched Sandy Loam Soil Under Laboratory Conditions

Siotto

Tosin

Innocenti

et al. 2011

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Kinetics of monomer biodegradation in soil

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mixed Culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in Soil

Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mixed Culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in Soil

Biodegradation of plastics in soil and effects on nitrification activity. A laboratory approach

Mineralization of Monomeric Components of Biodegradable Plastics in Preconditioned and Enriched Sandy Loam Soil Under Laboratory Conditions

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