Kinetics of iron oxide reduction using CO: Experiments and Modeling

Ponugoti, Prakash V.; Garg, Pritesh; Geddam, Sanjana N.; Nag, Samik; Janardhanan, Vinod M.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.134384

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The increase of reaction temperature enhances the hydrogen yield promoting both thermodynamics and kinetics of iron oxide reduction [46,47]. However, as demonstrated in the blank tests of ethanol decomposition (Table 3), temperature also increases the rate of solid carbon formation.…”

Section: Fe-based Particlesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Efficient utilization of Al2O3 as structural promoter of Fe into 2 and 3 steps chemical looping hydrogen process: Pure H2 production from ethanol

Damizia

Bracciale

Anania

et al. 2023

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Section: Fe-based Particlesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Efficient utilization of Al2O3 as structural promoter of Fe into 2 and 3 steps chemical looping hydrogen process: Pure H2 production from ethanol

Damizia

Bracciale

Anania

et al. 2023

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…Packed‐bed experiments involving several layers of pellets were performed by several groups of researchers in pure CO or CO‐N 2 atmospheres. [ 10,13,14 ] The reduction rates varied significantly due to the different gas compositions and flow rates used, but in general, these reduction rates were perceivably lower than those measured from the reduction of a single pellet (Figure 1d).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Moreover, the pellets had very high mechanical strengths. All pellets lost less than 0.1% of their weight during 10 drop tests (ΔW p (10) ), independent of the height (1-2 meter(s)) from which the drop test was conducted.…”

Section: Characterization Of Original Pellets Used For Reduction Expe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a shaft furnace, the reducing gases injected into the middle and the bottom part of the shaft are gradually diluted by the spent gases emitted from the reduced pellets as it ascend upwards, which leads to a decrease in its reduction potential. Therefore, the influence of CO-CO 2 ratio in the bulk gas stream on the reduction rate of iron oxides is of great importance, which has been studied by several researchers [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] as summarized in Table 1. Some data selected from these studies are plotted in Figure 1 for comparison.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some researchers [10,15] took the varying local gas compositions in the packed bed into considerations when modelling the reduction rates of iron ore pellets, the inhomogeneous reduction of pellets in different locations in a multi-layer bed have not been studied enough up to this date. Therefore, the goal of this study is to investigate this phenomenon and compare the reduction rates obtained with those from previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets by Using CO/CO₂ and CO Gases

Lu,

Karasev,

Ersson

2023

steel research int.

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Gas‐based direct reduction in a shaft furnace is the dominant process in the world for production of direct reduced iron. As fresh reducing gas passes through the iron ore burden, it is diluted by the gas emitted from the reacted iron ores which decreases the reduction potential of the reducing gas. Previous reduction experiments mostly used single pellet which could not examine this phenomenon. In this study, hematite pellets arranged in multiple layers inside a molybdenum basket are reduced isothermally at 1173–1273 K using 50% CO + 50% CO2% and 100% CO gases under flow rates of 0.2–5.0 NL min−1 to simulate the dilution of CO by CO2 in the shaft. It is discovered that the reduction of pellets in the basket is highly uneven even in pure CO atmosphere. Pellets in the middle layer are reduced ≈2 times less than the pellets in the top and bottom layers. The top side of a pellet is also less reduced than the bottom side facing the gas inlet. During melting of incompletely reduced pellets at 1873 K, intensive interaction between the unreduced iron oxides and the alumina crucible was observed. Thus, smelting of incompletely reduced iron could potentially shorten the refractory lifetime.

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Effect of temperature and reaction path interaction on fluidization reduction kinetics of iron ore powder

Zhu,

Hu,

Dou

et al. 2024

J. Iron Steel Res. Int.

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Kinetics of iron oxide reduction using CO: Experiments and Modeling

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Efficient utilization of Al2O3 as structural promoter of Fe into 2 and 3 steps chemical looping hydrogen process: Pure H2 production from ethanol

Efficient utilization of Al2O3 as structural promoter of Fe into 2 and 3 steps chemical looping hydrogen process: Pure H2 production from ethanol

Direct Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets by Using CO/CO₂ and CO Gases

Effect of temperature and reaction path interaction on fluidization reduction kinetics of iron ore powder

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Kinetics of iron oxide reduction using CO: Experiments and Modeling

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Efficient utilization of Al2O3 as structural promoter of Fe into 2 and 3 steps chemical looping hydrogen process: Pure H2 production from ethanol

Efficient utilization of Al2O3 as structural promoter of Fe into 2 and 3 steps chemical looping hydrogen process: Pure H2 production from ethanol

Direct Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets by Using CO/CO2 and CO Gases

Effect of temperature and reaction path interaction on fluidization reduction kinetics of iron ore powder

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Product

Resources

About

Direct Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets by Using CO/CO₂ and CO Gases