Kinetics of intercalation and desorption in graphite

Bardhan, K. K.; Wu, Jyun-Yi; Čulík, Jiří; Anderson, S.H.; Chung, D.D.L.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(80)90032-6

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The intercalation kinetics affects the conversion efficiency and the lateral dimensions of the patches of metastable phase. 106,107 A uniform lithiation has been reported by an electrochemical intercalation process where Li foil serves as an anode and bulk TMD material as a cathode 108 (Fig. 3c).…”

Section: Access To the Metastable Crystal Phases Of Group VI Tmdsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Direct synthesis of metastable phases of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides

2020

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Section: Access To the Metastable Crystal Phases Of Group VI Tmdsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Direct synthesis of metastable phases of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides

2020

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“…In the case of exfoliated graphite made from sulfuric-acid-intercalated graphite flakes, the cell wall typically consists of about 60 carbon layers. The substantial sliding between adjacent carbon layers necessitates that each carbon layer in the wall of a given cell wall does not extend from one end of the cell wall to the other; as illustrated, the carbon layers in a cell wall are not continuous [61] Chemical composition of exfoliated graphite An intercalation compound tends to desorb a part of its intercalate once it is removed from the reaction vessel in which intercalation is conducted [33]. The higher is the temperature, the faster is the intercalate desorption.…”

Section: Structure Of Exfoliated Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of exfoliated graphite

2015

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Exfoliated graphite (EG) refers to graphite that has a degree of separation of a substantial portion of the carbon layers in the graphite. Graphite nanoplatelet (GNP) is commonly prepared by mechanical agitation of EG. The EG exhibits clinginess, due to its cellular structure, but GNP does not. The clinginess allows the formation of EG compacts and flexible graphite sheet without a binder. The exfoliation typically involves intercalation, followed by heating. Upon heating, the intercalate vaporizes and/or decomposes into smaller molecules, thus causing expansion and cell formation. The sliding of the carbon layers relative to one another enables the cell wall to stretch. The exfoliation process is accompanied by intercalate desorption, so that only a small portion of the intercalate remains after exfoliation. The most widely used intercalate is sulfuric acid. The higher concentration of residue in unwashed EG causes the relative dielectric constant (50 Hz) of the EG to be 360 (higher than 120 for KOH-activated GNP), compared to the value of 38 for the water-washed case. An EG compact is obtained by the compression of EG at a pressure lower than that used for the fabrication of flexible graphite. Compared to flexible graphite, EG compacts are mechanically weak, but they exhibit viscous character, outof-plane electrical/thermal conductivity and liquid permeability. The viscous character (flexural loss tangent up to 35 for the solid part of the compact) stems from the sliding of the carbon layers relative to one another, with the ease of the sliding enhanced by the exfoliation process.

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Staging and Kinetics

Kirczenow¹

1990

Graphite Intercalation Compounds I

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Kinetics of intercalation and desorption in graphite

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Direct synthesis of metastable phases of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides

Direct synthesis of metastable phases of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides

A review of exfoliated graphite

Staging and Kinetics

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