Kinetics of free fatty acids esterification: Batch and loop reactor modeling

Influence of Mass Transfer and Kinetics on Biodiesel Production Process

“…The kinetic model that is developed on the basis of several batch runs is also able to simulate the behaviour of dynamic tubular loop reactor, providing that the external mass transfer resistance is properly accounted for. The mass transfer coefficient is satisfactorily modelled using correlations available in literature (Tesser et al, 2009). The fifth possibility is a continuous reactor with static mixing.…”

Recent developments in the production of liquid fuels via catalytic conversion of microalgae: experiments and simulations

“…By examining the effects of the molar ratio of methanol to soybean oil, the type and amount of catalyst and the reaction temperature on rate constants and kinetic order, they found that the forward reactions appear to be pseudo-first order or second order depending upon conditions used, while the reverse reactions appear to be second order. 103 Based on batch and loop reactor modelling, Tesser et al 101 simulated the FFAs esterification and found that with a packed bed loop reactor configuration with multi-steps operation, high FFA conversion can be obtained, and the methanol-water separation costs could be reduced by lowering the methanol/acid ratio. Such transesterification reactions can be base-catalyzed, acidcatalyzed and enzyme-catalyzed.…”

“…A general overview of the transesterification reaction of TG with methanol is in which one triglyceride and three alcohols (methanol) form three FAMEs and one by-product glycerol (GLY), in the presence of a catalyst. 42,[97][98][99][100][101] In the literature, computational modelling of transesterification focuses on the kinetics and the mechanism of the reactions and product design. 102 Freedman et al 98 proposed a three-step reaction scheme for the overall transesterification reaction (1) that includes the reaction intermediates, monoglyceride (MG) and diglyceride (DG), as shown in the following:…”

Kinetics of Free Fatty Acid Esterification in Used Cooking Oil Using Hypercrosslinked Exchange Resin as Catalyst

“…They modelled the reaction kinetics using the PH model (second order reaction) and the experimental data was found to have a satisfactory agreement with the calculated values. This research work has been extended by Reference [10] using Amberlyst 15 as a catalyst with two different reaction configurations; the batch stirred tank reactor and bed loop reactor. Two types of kinetic models (PH and ER) were compared and it was found that the ER model was a superior model as compared to the PH model for the esterification of high FFA oil.…”