Kinetics of epoxide resins formation from epichlorohydrin and bisphenol‐A

Enikolopyan, N. S.; Markevitch, M. A.; Sakhonenko, L.S.; Роговина, С. З.; Oshmyan, V. G.

doi:10.1002/pol.1982.170200507

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The kinetics has been studied by Enikolopyan et al [242] and Gao [243], among others. Branching formation occurs to a low extent and can usually be neglected; the reaction can be described as a linear irreversible polycondensation AXA þ BYC, with A ¼ aOH, B ¼ aCl, and C ¼ epoxide (ECH and oligomers have different reactivities).…”

Section: Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycondensation

Costa¹,

Bachmann²

2005

Handbook of Polymer Reaction Engineering

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Section: Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycondensation

Costa¹,

Bachmann²

2005

Handbook of Polymer Reaction Engineering

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“…In reality, side reactions result in the formation of low levels of impurities that both decrease the epoxide content from the theoretical amount of 2 per molecule and affect the resins properties, both before and after curing (22). The five common side reactions are as follows:…”

Section: Liquid Epoxy Resins (Dgeba)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy Resins

Pham¹,

Marks²

2004

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Epoxy resins are an important class of polymeric materials, characterized by the presence of more than one three-membered ring known as the epoxy, epoxide, oxirane, or ethoxyline group.The word "epoxy" is derived from the Greek prefix "ep," which means over and between, and "oxy," the combining form of oxygen (1). By strict definition, epoxy resins refer only to uncross-linked monomers or oligomers containing epoxy groups. However, in practice, the term epoxy resins is loosely used to include cured epoxy systems. It should be noted that very high molecular weight epoxy resins and cured epoxy resins contain very little or no epoxide groups. The vast majority of industrially important epoxy resins are bi-or multifunctional epoxides. The monofunctional epoxides are primarily used as reactive diluents, viscosity modifiers, or adhesion promoters, but they are included here because of their relevance in the field of epoxy polymers.Epoxies are one of the most versatile classes of polymers with diverse applications such as metal can coatings, automotive primer, printed circuit boards, semiconductor encapsulants, adhesives, and aerospace composites. Most cured epoxy resins provide amorphous thermosets with excellent mechanical strength and toughness; outstanding chemical, moisture, and corrosion resistance; good thermal, adhesive, and electrical properties; no volatiles emission and low shrinkage upon cure; and dimensional stability-a unique combination of properties generally not found in any other plastic material. These superior performance characteristics, coupled with outstanding formulating versatility and reasonable costs, have gained epoxy resins wide acceptance as materials of choice for a multitude of bonding, structural, and protective coatings applications.Commercial epoxy resins contain aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic backbones and are available in a wide range of molecular weights from several hundreds to tens of thousands. The most widely used epoxies are the glycidyl ether derivatives of bisphenol A (>75% of resin sales volume). The capability of the highly strained epoxy ring to react with a wide variety of curing agents under diverse conditions and temperatures imparts additional versatility to the epoxies. The major industrial utility of epoxy resins is in thermosetting applications. Treatment with curing agents gives insoluble and intractable thermoset polymers. In order to facilitate processing and to modify cured resin properties, other constituents may be included in the compositions: fillers, solvents, diluents, plasticizers, catalysts, accelerators, and tougheners.Epoxy resins were first offered commercially in the late 1940s and are now used in a number of industries, often in demanding applications where their performance attributes are needed and their modestly high prices are justified. However, aromatic epoxies find limited uses in exterior applications because of their

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“…For the synthesis of phenol-formaldehyde resins, the phenol RESEARCH ARTICLE has been used widely as it is available in bulk at a cheaper price. By varying the phenolic structure with suitable substituents, it is possible to fine tune the polymer structure with unique properties required for specific applications [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Chalcones are a class of compounds mostly studied for pharmacological properties 10,11 and recently have been explored for their optical applications [12][13][14][15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal Structure Studies and Thermal Characterization of Novel 4-Hydroxychalcone Derivative

2013

Chem Sci Trans

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Abstract:The derivatives of 4-hydroxychalcones were synthesized and characterized by infrared and 1 H NMR spectral studies. The grown crystal was further characterized by single crystal x-ray diffraction studies. The crystal structure of (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one was determined using single crystal x-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in orthorhombic crystal class in the space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 with cell parameters a=5.3738(4) Å, b=12.9239(10) Å, c=17.1310(14) Å, Z=4 and V= 1189.76 Å 3 . The conjugated compound is slightly twisted with a dihedral angle of 25.00° between the benzene and hydroxyphenyl ring. Differential scanning calorimetric studies shows that the crystal is stable up to 186 o C.

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Kinetics of epoxide resins formation from epichlorohydrin and bisphenol‐A

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Polycondensation

Polycondensation

Epoxy Resins

Crystal Structure Studies and Thermal Characterization of Novel 4-Hydroxychalcone Derivative

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