Kinetics of DMSP-Lyase Activity in Coastal Seawater

Ledyard, Kathleen M.; Dacey, John W. H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0377-0_28

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In a similar field study, however, Ledyard & Dacey (1996b) found linear DMSP d cleavage kinetics in seawater samples from the Sargasso Sea, with no signs of saturation for DMSP d amendments as high as 1000 nmol l -1 . The same authors also reported extremely low affinity kinetics for DMS production from DMSP d in the temperate coastal waters in Monterey Bay (Ledyard & Dacey 1996a) . It seems that there is a large capacity for the microbial community, and especially bacteria, to use DMSP d even at concentrations that far exceed those usually found in bulk seawater.…”

Section: Dms Production In Response To Dmsp D Pulses: the Linear Respmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…*Significant at p ≤ 0.05 . The hatched area indicates the range of rates measured for the same DMSP d addition in temperate and warm oceanic and coastal waters (Ledyard 1993, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a seemed indeed to be strong. DMSP d was consumed very rapidly, here at a rate of 3.48 nmol l -1 h -1…”

Section: In Situ Dmsp/dms Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative importance of demethylation and cleavage varies both temporally and spatially. Enzymatic cleavage can account for 0 to 100% of the DMSP d degraded in the natural environment (Kiene & Service 1991, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a) and the percentage has been suggested to change seasonally (Ledyard 1993). The factors that influence the amount of DMSP d converted to DMS are still not known.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By incubating whole surface water communities with additions of DMSP d , it has been shown that enzymatic conversion of DMSP d to DMS is concentration and temperature dependent (Kiene & Service 1991), and follows Michaelis Menten type kinetics (Ledyard 1993). In natural waters, the kinetic parameters K m and V max of DMSP d consumption and DMS production show as yet unexplained variability that could be due to differences in microbial communities on seasonal or spatial scales (Ledyard 1993, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a.Bacterial demethylation of DMSP d to 3-methylmercaptopropionate (MMPA) occurs concurrently with enzymatic cleavage and does not yield DMS (Kiene & Taylor 1988, Taylor & Gilchrist 1991, Kiene 1996. The relative importance of demethylation and cleavage varies both temporally and spatially.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of dimethylsulfide production from dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Labrador Sea

Schultes¹,

Levasseur²,

Michaud³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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) throughout the study area. Causal links established with path analysis indicate that this potential seemed to be controlled by water temperature and chlorophyll a concentrations. 202: 27-40, 2000 of sulfur (Lovelock et al. 1972, Andreae 1990, Bates et al. 1992. KEY WORDS: Dimethylsulfide (DMS) · Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) · Production rates · Low temperature · Bacteria · Substrate utilization Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog SerThe main precursor of DMS is dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP, [CH 3 ] 2 S + CH 2 CH 2 COO -), an osmolyte produced by certain groups of macro-and microalgae, similar in structure to the betaines (Vairavamurthy et al. 1985, Blunden & Gordon 1986, see Kirst 1996and Malin & Kirst 1997 for a review). Among phytoplankton, dinoflagellates and prymnesiophytes are known to possess high intracellular DMSP (Keller et al. 1989). Release of DMSP into the water during the exponential growth phase of the algae, i.e. exudation, is considered to be small (Laroche et al. 1999). The formation of an important pool of dissolved DMSP (DMSP d ) in marine surface waters is associated with cell senescence at the end of a bloom (Turner et al. 1988, Matrai & Keller 1993 especially since autolysis of phytoplankton seems to be an important process in the natural environment (Van Boekel et al. 1992, Brussaard et al. 1995. Liberation of DMSP d can furthermore be concomitant with DMS production via cell lysis due to zooplankton grazing (Dacey & Wakeham 1986, Leck et al. 1990) and viral infections (Malin et al. 1994, Bratbak et al. 1995, Hill et al. 1998. In open ocean regions, DMSP d concentrations as high as 200 nmol l -1 have been observed (Malin et al. 1993). In the water column, DMSP d is subject to rapid turnover. A part of the DMSP d undergoes enzymatic cleavage forming DMS and acrylic acid in equimolar amounts (Challenger & Simpson 1948, Cantoni & Anderson 1956). Activity of the enzymes (DMSPlyases) catalyzing the cleavage of DMSP has been observed and characterized in certain algae, for example Phaeocystis sp. or Emiliania huxleyi (Stefels & van Boekel 1993, Stefels & Dijkhuizen 1996, Steinke et al. 1998, and in bacteria from various aquatic environments (de Souza & Yoch 1995a, Taylor & Visscher 1996 and references therein). Bacterial cleavage of DMSP d to DMS and acrylic acid seems to be motivated by the use of the latter as a carbon source (Dacey & Blough 1987, Ledyard 1993. By incubating whole surface water communities with additions of DMSP d , it has been shown that enzymatic conversion of DMSP d to DMS is concentration and temperature dependent (Kiene & Service 1991), and follows Michaelis Menten type kinetics (Ledyard 1993). In natural waters, the kinetic parameters K m and V max of DMSP d consumption and DMS production show as yet unexplained variability that could be due to differences in microbial communities on seasonal or spatial scales (Ledyard 1993, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a.Bacterial demethylation of DMSP d to 3-methylmercaptopr...

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Section: Dms Production In Response To Dmsp D Pulses: the Linear Respmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: In Situ Dmsp/dms Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%