Kinetics of Capability Aging in Ti-13Nb-13Zr Alloy

Abstract

Metals for biomedical implant applications require a simultaneous achievement of high strength and low Young’s modulus from the viewpoints of mechanical properties. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards suggest two types of processing methods to confer such a mechanical performance to Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy: solution treatment (ST) and capability aging (CA). This study elucidated the kinetics of CA process in Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy. Microstructural evolution and mechanical change were investigated depending on the CA duration from 10 min to 6 h. The initial ST alloy possessed the full α′-martensitic structure, leading to a low strength, low Young’s modulus, and high ductility. Increasing CA duration increased mechanical strength and Young’s modulus in exchange for the reduction of ductility. Such a tendency is attributed to the decomposition of α′ martensite into (α+β) structure, particularly hard α precipitates. Mechanical compatibility (i.e., Young’s modulus compensated with a mechanical strength) of Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy rarely increased by changing CA duration, suggestive of the intrinsic limit of static heat treatment.

Production and Characterization of the Third-Generation Oxide Nanotubes on Ti-13Zr-13Nb Alloy

“…The obtained porous SWNTs show a morphology very similar to bone tissue structures. The new, additionally produced top SWNTs layer is designed to accelerate the osseointegration process, reduce the risk of the releasing of harmful compounds from the implant into the body, and the occurrence of inflammation [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 48 , 49 ]. In line with the latest trends in implantology, the layer of oxide nanotubes can be a carrier for drugs delivered to a specific location and enable their controlled release into the body at a specific rate, depending on the size of the SWNTs [ 12 , 29 , 41 ].…”

“…Specifically, knowledge about Young’s modulus to resist deformation should be important to the intelligent drug delivery systems. However, there are limitations to the use of the heat treatment of Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy through the capability aging (CA) treatment recommended by the ASTM standard, which allows for the evolution of the microstructure and changes in mechanical compatibility [ 18 ]. Mechanical strength and Young’s modulus increase with increasing CA time, whereas ductility decreases due to the decomposition of α′ martensite into the (α + β) structure, especially with hard α precipitates.…”

“…Currently, intensive research is carried out to develop innovative surface modification methods of the biomedical Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy to increase its bioactivity, biocompatibility, and long-term stability [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Electrochemical modification can carry out additional functionalization of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy surface, increasing its osteoinductive properties for applications in regenerative medicine and intelligent drug delivery systems [ 29 ].…”

“…Electrochemical modification can carry out additional functionalization of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy surface, increasing its osteoinductive properties for applications in regenerative medicine and intelligent drug delivery systems [ 29 ]. Innovative methods of obtaining multifunctional chitosan-based coatings on the smooth and porous surface of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy using the electrophoretic deposition method (EPD) have been developed [ 18 ]. It has been reported that composite chitosan-copper nanoparticles obtained by a one-step EPD with the addition of a dispersing agent reveal strong adhesion, high corrosion resistance, and improved mechanical and antimicrobial properties [ 20 ].…”

Crystal Plasticity

“…an influence of trapped gas on pore healing under hot isostatic pressing in nickel-base superalloys (Prasad et al [16]; • a microstructural influence on stretch flangeability of ferrite-martensite dual-phase steels (Kim et al [17]); • an effect of equal-channel angular pressing on microstructure, mechanical properties, and biodegradation behavior of Mg alloyed with Ag and Gd (Straumal et al [18]); • kinetics of capability aging in Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy (Lee et al [19]); • mechanisms of grain structure evolution in a quenched medium carbon steel during warm deformation (Panov et al [20]); • a microstructure, texture, and strength development during high-pressure torsion of CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy (Skrotzki et al [21]); • an effect of strain on transformation diagrams of 100Cr6 steel (Kawulok et al [22]); • mechanical and thermal properties of low-density Al20+xCr20-xMo20-yTi20V20+y alloys (Bhandari et al [23]); • the late age dynamic strength of high-volume fly ash concrete with nano-silica and polypropylene fibres (Mussa et al [24]); • dislocation reactions governing low-temperature and high-stress creep of ni-base single crystal superalloys (Burger et al [25]).…”