Kinetics of antimony trioxide reduction by hydrogen. Effect of atomic hydrogen

Chernogorenko, V. B.; Lynchak, K. A.; Klimak, Z.A.; Morozova, R.A.

doi:10.1007/bf00795791

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In the case of this oxide, the measured mass change corresponds to 132% of conversion degree x. This apparent effect is a result of the high volatility of antimony and antimony oxide [46]. However, during the synthesis of CoSb 3 , the Sb loss is expected to be lower, due to the binding of antimony atoms in the compound.…”

Section: Optimisation Of the Reduction Processmentioning

confidence: 97%

New synthesis route of highly porous InxCo4Sb12 with strongly reduced thermal conductivity

et al. 2020

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Highly porous, In-filled CoSb 3 skutterudite materials with an attractive thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT * 1) and corresponding dense samples were fabricated through the cost-effective method of reduction in oxides in dry hydrogen and the pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) method, respectively. The reduction process was described in detail using in situ thermogravimetric analysis of Co 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3 and In(NO 3) 3 Á5H 2 O separately and in a mixture. Two methods to synthesise the same material were examined: (a) free sintering of an initially reduced powder and (b) PECS. The free-sintered materials with higher porosities (up to * 40%) exhibited lower values of electrical conductivity than the dense PECS samples (porosity up to * 5%), but the benefit of an even sixfold reduction in thermal conductivity resulted in higher ZT values. The theoretical values of thermal conductivity for various effective media models considering randomly oriented spheroid pores are in good agreement with the experimental thermal conductivity data. The assumed distribution and shape of the pores correlated well with the scanning electron microscope analysis of the microstructure. The lowest value of thermal conductivity, equal to 0.5 W/m K, was measured at 523 K for In 0.1 Co 4 Sb 12 with 41% porosity. The highest value of ZT max = 1.0 at 673 K was found for the In 0.2 Co 4 Sb 12 sample in which the porosity was 36%.

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Section: Optimisation Of the Reduction Processmentioning

confidence: 97%

New synthesis route of highly porous InxCo4Sb12 with strongly reduced thermal conductivity

et al. 2020

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“…The injected Sb 2 O 5 combines with NiO on catalysts in the riser and is converted to Ni–Sb alloy like NiSb 2 O 6 . However uncombined Sb 2 O 5 is reduced into Sb 2 O 3 and metal Sb under reactor conditions with hydrogen above 460 °C. , Sb 2 O 5 has lower melting point (380 °C) than reactor temperature and easily agglomerates, but reduced Sb has higher melting point (630 °C). This indicates that enlarged agglomerates become solid grains which possibly settle down in stagnant zones.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and Characterization of Deposits in Cyclone Dipleg of a Commercial Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking Reactor

Kim

Lee

Koh

et al. 2012

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Deposits in the cyclone dipleg of a commercial residue fluid catalytic cracking (RFCC) reactor, which are one of the primary problems causing abnormal shut-down of RFCC, were characterized using an analytical approach in order to understand the formation mechanism of the deposit. The main components of the deposits are hydrocarbons and a high portion of inorganic matter, reflecting dipleg conditions with particle flow. The deposit consists of two parts of massive bulk matter which are mainly pure Sb metal and catalyst particles surrounded by filamentous cokes and lumps of carbonaceous matters. Nickel nanopowders on the catalyst surface and from heavy oil in vapor phase catalyze the filament coke, which accelerate the increase in the amount of deposits by filtering heavy oil droplets. The Sb metals, originated from injected Ni passivator in the riser, contribute largely to deposit formation, and this is validated by a simulation of RFCC conditions and a calculation of cyclone collection efficiency. Possible mechanisms for the deposit formation and methods for the reduction of the deposits are proposed.

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Enhancement of mechanical properties and thermoelectric performance of spark plasma sintered P-type Bismuth Telluride by powder surface oxide reduction

AbdelNabi

Lakhian

McDermid

et al. 2021

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Kinetics of antimony trioxide reduction by hydrogen. Effect of atomic hydrogen

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

New synthesis route of highly porous InxCo4Sb12 with strongly reduced thermal conductivity

New synthesis route of highly porous InxCo4Sb12 with strongly reduced thermal conductivity

Formation and Characterization of Deposits in Cyclone Dipleg of a Commercial Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking Reactor

Enhancement of mechanical properties and thermoelectric performance of spark plasma sintered P-type Bismuth Telluride by powder surface oxide reduction

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