“…On the other hand, various nanoscale metallic structures found in the literature may serve as good SERS substrates, ,,, but to our knowledge none has been applied simultaneously as a mDEP molecular trap for active sample transport, particular for protein analysis . To be noted, many of the SERS substrates previously introduced were fabricated using gold. , Gold is, however, prone to corrosion especially in chloride-containing electrolytes, which include almost all biologically relevant buffers. , Chloride reduces the standard reduction potential of the Au/AuIII redox pair from 1.4 to 1.0 V, making gold less noble . In the presence of oxygen, for example, nanogaps as used here will inevitably undergo crevice corrosion .…”