Kinetics of a hydrogen-oxidizing, perchlorate-reducing bacterium

Nerenberg, Robert; Kawagoshi, Yasunori; Rittmann, Bruce E.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.06.035

Cited by 78 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For hydrogen oxidizing, autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, previous studies showed a q max ¼ 0.38-0.74 (Rezania et al, 2005) and K ¼ 0.18-0.16 mg N/L (Kurt et al 1987). For hydrogen oxidizing, autotrophic perchlorate-reducing bacteria, the parameters were q max ¼ 3.1 mg ClO (Nerenberg et al, 2006). Our bromate reduction kinetics are clearly slower than kinetics for autotrophic denitrification and perchlorate reduction.…”

Section: Bromate Reduction Kineticscontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…A similar situation exists for perchlorate and chlorate-reducing bacteria, most of which are denitrifiers but possess a specialized pathway for perchlorate reduction (Kengen et al, 1999;Xu et al, 2003). While chlorate, and presumably perchlorate, are substrates for the dissimilatory nitrate reductase (De Groot and Stouhamer, 1969;Hackenthal et al, 1964), the reduction rates on the specialized reduction pathway are much greater (Logan et al, 2001;Nerenberg et al, 2006).…”

Section: Pure Culture Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Kinetics of microbial bromate reduction in a hydrogen‐oxidizing, denitrifying biofilm reactor

Downing

Nerenberg

2007

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Bromate (BrO(3)(-)) is an oxidized contaminant produced from bromide (Br(-)) during ozonation and advanced oxidation of drinking water. Previous research shows that denitrifying bioreactors can reduce bromate to innocuous bromide. We studied a hydrogen-based, denitrifying membrane-biofilm reactor (MBfR) for bromate reduction, and report the first kinetics for a hydrogen-based bromate reduction process. A mixed-culture MBfR reduced up to 1,500 microg/L bromate to below 10 microg/L with a 50-min hydraulic residence time. Kinetics were determined using short-term tests on a completely mixed MBfR at steady state with an influent of 5 mg N/L nitrate plus 100 microg/L bromate. Short-term tests examined the impact of pH, nitrite, nitrate, and bromate on bromate reduction rates in the MBfR. Kinetic parameters for the process were estimated based on the short-term bromate tests. The q(max) for bromate reduction was 0.12 mg BrO(3)(-) x mg(x)(-1) x day(-1), and the K was 1.2 mg BrO(3)(-)/L. This q(max) is 2-3 times higher than reported for heterotrophic enrichments, and the K is the first reported in the literature. Nitrite and nitrate partially inhibited bromate reduction, with nitrite exerting a stronger inhibitory effect. Bromate was self-inhibitory at concentrations above 15 mg/L, but up to 50 mg/L of bromate had no inhibitory effect on denitrification. The optimum pH was approximately 7. We also examined the performance of an MBfR containing pure culture of the denitrifying bacterium Ralstonia eutropha. Under conditions similar to the mixed-culture tests, no bromate reduction was detected, showing that not all denitrifying bacteria are active in bromate reduction. Our results suggest the presence of specialized, dissimilatory bromate-reducing bacteria in the mixed-culture MBfR.

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Section: Bromate Reduction Kineticscontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Pure Culture Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Kinetics of microbial bromate reduction in a hydrogen‐oxidizing, denitrifying biofilm reactor

Downing

Nerenberg

2007

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…These results showed that the optimal mass concentration ratio of acetate to perchlorate was approximately 5 (molar ratio of 8.5). This molar ratio of PMJ was much larger than previously-isolated PCRBs (molar ratio of 1∼3.2) (Giblin and Frankenberger 2001;Logan et al 2001;Nerenberg et al 2006;Rikken et al 1996;Waller et al 2004;Xu et al 2004), but these previously reported acetate concentrations were merely culture conditions. Besides, the results were similar to those of recent reports (Xu et al 2015;Zhu et al 2016) in that Azospira sp.…”

Section: Concentration Effects Of Perchlorate and Acetatecontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…The maximum specific substrate utilization rate for perchlorate (q max ) and the half-saturation constant for perchlorate (K S ) values of PMJ, 0.96 ± 0.16 mg ClO 4 − /mg DCW/day and below 0.002 mg ClO 4 − /L, respectively, were much lower than other strains. The K S values of other PCRB ranged from 0.14 (Nerenberg et al 2006) to 76.6 mg/L (Dudley et al 2008). Low K S could particularly be effective in removing perchlorate at low concentrations (Bardiya and Bae 2011;Nerenberg et al 2006).…”

Section: Kinetic Parameters Of Pmjmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A novel perchlorate- and nitrate-reducing bacterium, Azospira sp. PMJ

Nam

Ventura

Yeom

et al. 2016

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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A novel perchlorate-reducing bacterium (PCRB), PMJ, was isolated from the mixed liquor suspended solids in the aerobic tank of a wastewater treatment plant. The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), perchlorate reductase, and chlorite dismutase gene sequences revealed that PMJ belonged to the genus Azospira. PMJ was removed high-strength (700 mg/L) perchlorate and also removed low-strength (≤50 mg/L) perchlorate below the detection limit (2 μg/L) when acetate was used as a sole and carbon source. The maximum specific perchlorate utilization rate, q max, was 0.96 mg ClO4 (-)/mg dry cell weight day, and the half-saturation constant, K S , was lower than 0.002 mg ClO4 (-)/L. PMJ also utilized inorganic electron donors [(H2, S(0), and Fe(II)] with perchlorate as an electron acceptor. Perchlorate reduction by PMJ was completely inhibited by oxygen and chlorate but was not inhibited by nitrate. In the presence of similar concentrations (100∼140 mg/L) of nitrate and perchlorate, PMJ simultaneously removed both electron acceptors. Therefore, it was concluded that the strains PMJ might possess separate pathways for perchlorate and nitrate reduction. These results indicated that Azospira sp. PMJ could be efficiently used for treating perchlorate-contaminated groundwater and wastewater because many of these water bodies are known to contain both perchlorate and nitrate. In addition, low K S value and autotrophic perchlorate reduction of PMJ might be useful to design the biological treatment systems.

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A biofilm model to understand the onset of sulfate reduction in denitrifying membrane biofilm reactors

Tang

Ontiveros‐Valencia

Feng

et al. 2012

Biotech & Bioengineering

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This work presents a multispecies biofilm model that describes the co-existence of nitrate- and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the H(2)-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR). The new model adapts the framework of a biofilm model for simultaneous nitrate and perchlorate removal by considering the unique metabolic and physiological characteristics of autotrophic sulfate-reducing bacteria that use H(2) as their electron donor. To evaluate the model, the simulated effluent H(2), UAP (substrate-utilization-associated products), and BAP (biomass-associated products) concentrations are compared to experimental results, and the simulated biomass distributions are compared to real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) data in the experiments for parameter optimization. Model outputs and experimental results match for all major trends and explain when sulfate reduction does or does not occur in parallel with denitrification. The onset of sulfate reduction occurs only when the nitrate concentration at the fiber's outer surface is low enough so that the growth rate of the denitrifying bacteria is equal to that of the sulfate-reducing bacteria. An example shows how to use the model to design an MBfR that achieves satisfactory nitrate reduction, but suppresses sulfate reduction.

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Kinetics of a hydrogen-oxidizing, perchlorate-reducing bacterium

Cited by 78 publications

References 27 publications

Kinetics of microbial bromate reduction in a hydrogen‐oxidizing, denitrifying biofilm reactor

Kinetics of microbial bromate reduction in a hydrogen‐oxidizing, denitrifying biofilm reactor

A novel perchlorate- and nitrate-reducing bacterium, Azospira sp. PMJ

A biofilm model to understand the onset of sulfate reduction in denitrifying membrane biofilm reactors

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