Kinetics and mechanism of solid decompositions — From basic discoveries by atomic absorption spectrometry and quadrupole mass spectroscopy to thorough thermogravimetric analysis

Thermal Analysis

“…A number of limitations to mechanistic interpretations of kinetic data is discussed by Galwey (92). L'vov (93) has reviewed the status of his thermochemical approach to kinetics, concluding that "in spite of great progress reached in the development of reliable methodology, based on the third-law method, the thermochemical approach remains unclaimed as before".…”

Atomic Spectrometry Update. Advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

“…164 Pointurier et al 165 have assessed the background levels in Pu measurements and found that there are significant contributions from polyatomic ions of heavy elements (Hf to Bi) when determining Pu in the fg range. 166 described the evolution of kinetic measurements of solid decomposition processes in furnaces from measurements made using ETAAS and QMS to more recent studies employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Despite progress made in the theoretical calculations in recent years, the thermochemical approach to interpretation of solid decomposition proposed by the author has not been widely adopted.…”

Intensification of Biomass Thermal Deoxygenation via a Two-Stage Process

“…Three alkaline-earth metals, Mg, Ca, and Sr, are selected for TGA reaction rate experiments using both a levulinate/formate mixture (1:1) and levulinate only (1:0) to explore opportunities for process improvements due to cation selection. Since volatilization of levulinate salts exhibits complex behavior and may include multiple rate limiting processes, TGA data are used to evaluate various reaction models. − The information can be used in process design and reaction engineering calculations . A two-step, four-comparment, linear model is developed to determine best-fit global kinetic parameters for each volatilization stage.…”