Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Glycerol acetals and ketals as bio-based solvents: positioning in Hansen and COSMO-RS spaces, volatility and stability towards hydrolysis and autoxidation

“…Like linear or cyclic ethers, 61 acetals and ketals (R) are oxidized with dioxygen according to a radical chain mechanism following three main steps described as initiation, propagation and termination, as depicted by eqn ( 5)- (10). 62 Initiation…”

“…The hydroperoxides formed as primary oxidation products can further decompose into other radicals or stable secondary oxidation products such as ketones or esters. 62 In the termination step, two radicals R • or ROO • may react providing no-radical products (eqn ( 8)-( 10)). Various hydrogen atoms of a given acetal/ketal can be abstracted.…”

Synthesis of Adipic Acid, 1,6-Hexanediamine, and 1,6-Hexanediol via Double-n-Selective Hydroformylation of 1,3-Butadiene

“…Even though the oxidation of acetal groups to acids or esters is known in the literature, it has, to the best of our knowledge, never been shown for the synthesis of dicarboxylic acids. − To obtain adipic acid, we used Oxone (KHSO 5 ·0.5KHSO 4 ·0.5K 2 SO 4 ) and oxygen gas (Scheme ). About 70% of the desired compound was obtained with both oxidants, together with small amounts of starting material, adipic aldehyde, the corresponding glycol ester, and ethylene glycol.…”