Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Diethyl Ether by Chloramine‐T in Acidic Medium

Hassan, Younis I.; Saeed, Noor H. M.

doi:10.1155/2012/957405

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this case, the mechanism of adsorption will be changed because the conversion of the adsorption process to desorption process continuously with increasing of the temperature. The results reveal that the effect of temperature is evident on values of (pH), conductivity, and the percentage of adsorption which decreases by increasing temperature, as shown in table (14) [25][26][27].…”

Section: Freundlich Isotherm Modelmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Several factors are affecting on adsorption process such as contact time, temperature, solvent, acidity function, etc., all these factors were studied also. Several theoretical studies have given an accurate description of the dissociation of amino acids in the acidic medium, and their results were very accurate compared with the practical results [12] also the mechanism of reactions has been proposed based on the oxidation kinetics of some organic compounds [13][14]. Adsorption reactions often depend on the pigment present, which the clays remove [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A practical and theoretical study of the mechanical kinetics of ascorbic acid adsorption on a new clay surface

2021

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Ascorbic acid is considered one of the weak phenolic acids, as practical experiments have shown that it can adhere to the adsorbent clay particles by forming electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonds, and the loss of positive protons if the adsorbent material contains electron density on the surface because it contains more than one hydroxyl alcohol and phenolic group. Phenolic hydroxyl groups act as weak acids that can lose a proton and convert to the phenoxide ion since ascorbic acid contains two contiguous phenolic hydroxyl groups. We note that the loss of hydrogen protonation gives a more stable product, which is 1,2 di-ketones. Therefore, the dissociation of ascorbic acid increases as the base medium increases. In this research we have studied the effect of adding sand (a natural substance) on the presence (activity) of ascorbic acid in the aqueous medium, adsorption technology was used in this study through which the most important factors affecting the adsorption process of ascorbic acid molecules were identified. The kinetic models were applied such as pseudo-first and second-order on the adsorption process, which is considered as a complex process that passes through several steps. In this study, the adsorption of ascorbic acid is in agreement with the pseudo-first and second-order models by obtaining a linear relationship with a high correlation coefficient as well as the experimental and theoretical capacity values of the adsorption process are equal. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the relationship between the adsorbent and adsorbate substance through the capacity of adsorption, the energy bonding, and favorite of adsorption, the results of adsorption are in agreement with Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters (∆G, ∆H, ∆S) for the adsorption process were calculated. To obtain more information about the adsorption process, this study confirms some conclusions, the modified Arrhenius equation was applied to the results of the adsorption process, by studying the potential sticking of ions on the surface of the clay. This study comprehensively highlights the nature of the adsorption of ascorbic acid ions on the surface of the clay .The theoretical side of the ascorbic acid adsorption process for the oxides present on the adsorbent surfaces was studied using the (DFT) theory, and it was found that the theoretical results corresponded with the practical results. Ascorbic acid is transformed by negative charges and double bonds to a more stable di-ketone compound. The adsorption mechanism has been proposed, which corresponds to the practical results reached, Finally, to prove the adsorption mechanism, the resulting compound was diagnosed using an infrared spectrum.

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Section: Freundlich Isotherm Modelmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A practical and theoretical study of the mechanical kinetics of ascorbic acid adsorption on a new clay surface

2021

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“…Chloramine-T (p-CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 2 NClNa.3H 2 O) is one the most important member of this class of compounds and behaves as oxidizing/analytical agent in both acidic and basic media [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. It is commercially available, inexpensive, water tolerant, relatively nontoxic and easy to handle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloramine-T Assisted Oxidative Decolourization of Tartrazine (Food Dye) in Acid Medium: Kinetic and Mechanistic Investigations

2022

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Tartrazine (TAZ) is a food color additive. It has been found to be contaminated with Benzidine or other carcinogens. It causes hypersensitivity reactions. The metabolites which are formed during digestion are responsible for the problems caused by these dyes. So, in the present work the kinetic and mechanistic aspects of oxidation of tartrazine have been studied with the help of mild oxidizing agent chloramine-T (CAT) in acid medium at 26 °C. The reaction exhibited 2nd-order dependence of rate with (CAT), inverse fractional order dependence of rate with (TAZ) and (H+). Solvent composition shows negative effect indicating the involvement of negative ion-dipolar molecule in the rate determining step. Variation of ionic strength of the medium and addition of halide ions had no effect on the reaction rate. Addition of p-toluenesulphonamide (PTS), the reduction product retards the rate of reaction. Oxidation products were identified as 4-(5-Hydroxy-4-nitoso-pyrazol-1-yl)- benzenesulphonic acid and 4-amino-benzene sulphonic acid which are often allergic to human beings. These oxidation products were characterized by LC-MS. Activation parameters have been evaluated from Arrhenius-Eyring plots. The observed results have been explained by plausible mechanism and related rate law have been deduced. HIGHLIGHTS The kinetics of oxidation of Tartrazine has been studied in acid medium by using CAT as an oxidizing agent Effects of different parameters like ionic strength, addition of reduction product, halide ions and temperature were studied as supporting data for the mechanism proposed for the oxidation of Tartrazine Products were isolated after complete oxidation and were characterized with the help of suitable technique A rate equation is derived and a suitable mechanism is proposed for the oxidation of the substrate GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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“…Chloramine-T(sodium-N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide or CAT;p-CH 3 C 6 H 4 ClSO 2 • Na) a prominent member of the series of haloamines. Literature survey shows that lot of work have been carried out using CAT as oxidant [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Oxidation of Propranolol by Sodium – N – Chloro – pToluene Sulphonamide in NaOH medium. A Mechanistic Study

Ramachandrappa¹

2012

iosrphr

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Propranolol is used for treating high blood pressure, heart pain, abnormal rhythms of the heart and some neurologic conditions. Kinetics and oxidation of Propranolol (PPL) ((RS)-1-(1-methylethylamino)-3-(1-naphthyloxy)propan-2-ol) by sodium-N-chlorop-toluenesulphonamide (Chloramine-T or CAT) in NaOH medium at 298K have been studied. The rate was first order in [CAT] o, fractional order in [PPL] and zero order in [OH-]. Addition of p-toluenesulphonamide, NaCl and NaBr did not affect the rate of the reaction. Variation in ionic strength did not affect the rate of the reaction indicating that nonionic species are involved in the rate limiting step. Dielectric effect of the medium showed positive effect. Rate increased with increase in temperature from 288K to 318K. From the linear Arrhenius plot, activation parameters were computed. Addition of reaction mixture to aqueous acrylonitrile solution did not initiate polymerization, showing the absence of free radicals species. Oxidation products were identified. TsNClNa, the reactive species oxidizes the substrate. Based on kinetic results, reaction stoichiometry and oxidation products, a suitable mechanism have been proposed.

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Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Diethyl Ether by Chloramine‐T in Acidic Medium

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

A practical and theoretical study of the mechanical kinetics of ascorbic acid adsorption on a new clay surface

A practical and theoretical study of the mechanical kinetics of ascorbic acid adsorption on a new clay surface

Chloramine-T Assisted Oxidative Decolourization of Tartrazine (Food Dye) in Acid Medium: Kinetic and Mechanistic Investigations

Kinetics of Oxidation of Propranolol by Sodium – N – Chloro – pToluene Sulphonamide in NaOH medium. A Mechanistic Study

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