2008
DOI: 10.1002/kin.20363
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Kinetic study of the reactions of p‐nitrophenyl acetate and p‐nitrophenyl benzoate with oximate nucleophiles

Abstract: The reactions of p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) and p-nitrophenyl benzoate (PNPB) with α-nucleophile oximates, that is, butane 2,3-dione monoximate, pralidoximate, and other oximates have been studied in the presence of different cationic surfactants. The first-order rate constant increases with increasing surfactant concentration. The extent of acceleration is dependent on the head group structure of surfactants. The PNPA is more reactive than PNPB toward all the nucleophiles at higher concentration of surfacta… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…First-order rate constants for the nucleophilic substitution reaction of PNPA with monopyridinium oximes (2-PAM, 3-PAM, and 4-PAM) were determined under pseudo-first-order condition, i.e., nucleophiles were in large excess over the substrates in the presence and absence of surfactants with the same hydrophobic chain length (C 16 ) and varying hydrophilic head groups. Cationic micelles bring reactants closer by hydrophobically binding of substrate and coulombically attracting negatively charged nucleophile.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…First-order rate constants for the nucleophilic substitution reaction of PNPA with monopyridinium oximes (2-PAM, 3-PAM, and 4-PAM) were determined under pseudo-first-order condition, i.e., nucleophiles were in large excess over the substrates in the presence and absence of surfactants with the same hydrophobic chain length (C 16 ) and varying hydrophilic head groups. Cationic micelles bring reactants closer by hydrophobically binding of substrate and coulombically attracting negatively charged nucleophile.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The rate enhancement in the phosponium-and pyridinium-based cationic surfactants is greater than in alkyl ammonium head groups due to their bulky head group [22,40]. The effect would correspond to a general decrease in the polarity of the head group region that would therefore increase the rate of the nucleophilic substitution [16,41]. Another possible explanation is the steric effects by the phenyl rings in the head group region that would activate the bound substrate toward substitution [33].…”
Section: Kinetic Rate Constants Above the Cmcmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…It has been already proved that cationic surfactants accelerate the reaction. According to Buncel et al [26], the electrostatic attraction of the cationic head groups of the surfactants at the micelle surface to the nucleophilic anion counterions leads to augmentation of the local concentration of the nucleophile, whereas incorporation of the substrate in the micelle leads to a higher local concentration of There is little information about the effect of the variation of head groups on the micellar structure [27][28][29].…”
Section: Scheme 1 Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Of Different Estmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Hydrolysis and nucleophilic reactions of carboxylate and phosphate esters are involved in many biological processes . The nucleophile‐aided hydrolysis is the most preferred reaction for the detoxification organophosphorus toxic compounds . In this regard, many α‐effect nucleophiles such as o‐ iodosylcarboxylate , peroxides , oximates , hypochlorites , and hydroxamates have been investigated alone or as functionalized surfactants.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%