Kinetic study of the esterification of free fatty acids in non-edible Pongamia pinnata oil using acid catalyst

Thiruvengadaravi, K.V.; Nandagopal, J.; Bala, V. Sathya Selva; Kirupha, Selvaraj Dinesh; Vijayalakshmi, P.; Sivanesan, S.

doi:10.17485/ijst/2009/v2i12.4

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…According to Arrhenius law, the activation energy of the reaction can be determined from a plot of (ln k) vs. (1/T). Thiruvengadaravi et al [6] optimized the pretreatment process by studying the kinetic and thermodynamic of the esterification process. Cardosoet al [7] evaluated the use of SnCl 2 •2H 2 O as catalyst for the ethanolysis of oleic acid (pure and added to soybean oil) and investigated key parameters of reaction.…”

Section: Kinetics Of Esterification Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Esterification of Oleic and Linoleic Free Fatty Acids

Hawash

Ebrahiem

Farag

2020

Journal of Advanced Engineering Trends

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The kinetics of the esterification of oleic and linoleic acids using a batch reactor are described in this study. Effect of relevant factors on ester conversion, such as reaction temperature, dose of sulphuric acid as a catalyst, and methanol/FFAs (oleic and linoleic acid) mole ratios are studied. The results showed that the maximum conversion of oleic and linoleic were 88% at 40:1 methanol/FFA molar ratio at 68°C, catalyst 2 wt. % of FFA and reaction time 30 min. A pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model was proposed for the esterification. The influence of Temperature on the rate constants is presented by Arrhenius equation, and the activation energies were found to be 43.42 and 45.51 kJ/mol for linoleic and oleic acid, respectively.

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Section: Kinetics Of Esterification Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Esterification of Oleic and Linoleic Free Fatty Acids

Hawash

Ebrahiem

Farag

2020

Journal of Advanced Engineering Trends

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“…35 The physical and chemical properties of the oils determined in Table 2 and 3 were similar to those reported elsewhere. 15,[36][37][38][39][40] Analysis of Table 3 revealed that the chemical constituents of Linseed oil was different from the other oils. In Linseed oil, large amounts of Linoleic acid and smaller amounts of Oleic acid were present.…”

Section: Effect Of Reaction Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Sulfuric acid is a common liquid phase acid catalyst that has been used for biodiesel production from non-edible oils containing FFAs. 14,15 However, solid acid catalysts are materials of choice due to reasons mentioned above. Furthermore, storage and safety issues related to sulfuric acid are common deterrents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 The amount of FFAs present in Karanja oil range from 3 % to 20 %. 15,[18][19][20] Hence, the use of base catalyst for biodiesel production is severely limited. 18 Acid catalysts have been used to produce biodiesel from Karanja oil with varying degrees of success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 Acid catalysts have been used to produce biodiesel from Karanja oil with varying degrees of success. 15,18 Of the various acid catalysts, acidic resins are an important class of solid acid catalysts used for biodiesel production. 21 One important acidic resin used as a solid acid catalyst for biodiesel production is Amberlyst15.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Single-step Process to Convert Karanja Oil to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Using Amberlyst15 as a Catalyst

Gupta¹

2018

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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Karanja oil was successfully converted to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in a single-step process using Amberlyst15 as a catalyst. A methanol to oil ratio of 6 was required to retain the physical structure of the Amberlyst15 catalyst. At higher methanol to oil ratios, the Amberlyst15 catalyst disintegrated. Disintegration of Amberlyst15 caused an irreversible loss in catalytic activity. This loss in activity was due to a decrease in surface area of Amberlyst15, which was caused by a decrease in its mesoporous volume. It appeared that the chemical nature of Amberlyst15 was unaffected. Reuse of Am-berlyst15 with a methanol to oil ratio of 6:1 also revealed a loss in FAME yield. However, this loss in activity was recovered by heating the used Amberlyst15 catalyst to 393 K. The kinetic parameters of a power law model were successfully determined for a methanol to oil ratio of 6:1. An activation energy of 54.9 kJ mol-1 was obtained.

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Biodiesel production from waste salmon oil: kinetic modeling, properties of methyl esters, and economic feasibility of a low capacity plant

Serrano

Marchetti

Martı́nez

et al. 2015

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Salmon oil directly obtained from salmon silage in a tricanter centrifuge was subjected to homogeneous acid‐catalyzed esterification. Alcohol‐to‐oil molar ratio, catalyst amount, and reaction temperature were varied in order to obtain the kinetic parameters that fit the data satisfactory. A reaction mechanism with four consecutive reactions was considered and the attack of the nucleophile alcohol to the protonated carbonyl substrate was corroborated to be the rate‐determining step, in accordance with previous studies in free fatty acids esterification. A kinetic model with 8 independent parameters described with high accuracy the experimental data of 27 reactions with a regression coefficient of 90.94%. Pre‐esterified oil was submitted to transesterification and properties of resulting methyl esters were measured. Acidity, peroxide value, viscosity and flash point were acceptable to use as diesel‐grade fuel. However, cold flow properties and especially oxidative stability can limit its use as automotive fuel. Finally, a techno‐economic analysis was performed and the influence of salmon oil price on the viability of a low capacity fuel production plant was analyzed. Copyright © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Kinetic study of the esterification of free fatty acids in non-edible Pongamia pinnata oil using acid catalyst

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Kinetics of Esterification of Oleic and Linoleic Free Fatty Acids

Kinetics of Esterification of Oleic and Linoleic Free Fatty Acids

A Single-step Process to Convert Karanja Oil to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Using Amberlyst15 as a Catalyst

Biodiesel production from waste salmon oil: kinetic modeling, properties of methyl esters, and economic feasibility of a low capacity plant

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