Kinetic study of gill epithelium permeability to water diffusion in the fresh water trout,Salmo gairdneri: Effect of adrenaline

Isaia, J.; Girard, Jean‐Pierre; Payan, P.

doi:10.1007/bf01871998

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…This suggests that the limiting factor for diffusion of non-electrolytes is probably the apical and basal membranes and not the tight intercellar junctions. Such evidence is in accord with the results of Isaia et al (1978b) for water permeability, and it seems logical to assume this for the other molecules whose molecular diameters exceed the ionic radius of the impermeant lanthanum ion.…”

Section: Hydrophilic Characteristics Of the Respiratory Cells (Secondsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of environmental salinity on branchial permeability of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.

Isaia¹

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The gill fluxes of various non-electrolytes were measured in fresh-water-and sea-water-adapted trout (Salmo gairdneri). The studies were performed in vitro with a 'perfused-head' preparation.2. The results allow one to specify different transepithelial pathways according to the physico-chemical characteristics of the permeant molecules: (1) for hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules of small molecular radius, a transcellular pathway in the respiratory cells of the secondary lamellae, (2) for hexose, all paracellular pathways in the gill epithelium, and (3) for hexose polymers (inulin, dextran), a transcellular pathway in the chloride cells of the primary lamellae.3. The selectivity of the respiratory cells as a function of the liposolubility of the molecules tested is low. The decrease of this selectivity in the course of salt-water adaptation taken together with the modification of lipid composition of membranes and the effect of adrenaline on the bronchial permeability suggests that non-electrolytes diffuse through a lipid phase able to form hydrogen bonds.4. The high permeability of gills to hexose polymers of high molecular weight suggests a vesicular transport, especially in fish adapted to fresh water.

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Section: Hydrophilic Characteristics Of the Respiratory Cells (Secondsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of environmental salinity on branchial permeability of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.

Isaia¹

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Short term changes in gill permeability may be attributed to an increase in circulating catecholamines. Epinephrine greatly increases the permeability of the gill to small hydrophilic molecules, including water and urea (Isaia et al 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia and urea excretion in the tidepool sculpin (Oligocottus maculosus): sites of excretion, effects of reduced salinity and mechanisms of urea transport

Wright

Pärt

Wood

1995

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Tidepool sculpins live in a variable environment where water temperature, salinity, gas tensions, and pH can change considerably with the daily tide cycle. Tidepool sculpins are primarily ammoniotelic, with 8-17% of nitrogen wastes excreted as urea. The majority of net ammonia (J(net) amm; 85%) and urea (J(net) urea; 74%) excretion occurred across the gill, with the remainder excreted across the skin, the kidney, and/or gut. Acute (2h) exposure to 50% seawater significantly increased J(net) urea (2.8-fold), but reduced J(net) amm (3.5-fold). In fish exposed to 50% seawater for 1 week, J(net) urea returned to control values, but J(net) amm remained slightly depressed. Unidirectional urea influx (J(in) urea) and efflux (J(out) urea) were measured using(14)C-urea to determine if urea was excreted across the gills by simple diffusion or by a carrier-mediated mechanism. J(in) urea increased in a linear manner with increasing urea water levels (0-11 mmol N l(-1)), while J(out) urea was independent of external urea concentrations. As well, J(net) urea and J(out inurea) were not significantly different from one another, indicating the absence of "back transport". Urea analogs and transport inhibitors added to the water did not have any consistent effect on unidirectional urea flux. These results demonstrate that ammonia and urea excretion rates and sites of excretion in tidepool sculpins are very similar to those found in other marine and freshwater teleosts. Urea and ammonia may play a role in osmoregulation as excretion rates and tissue levels were influenced by changes in water salinity. Finally, we found no evidence for a specific urea carrier; branchial urea excretion is likely dependent on simple diffusion.

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“…Stress-mediated release of epinephrine may be the key element in compensating for loss of surf ace area. Isaia, Girard & Payan (1978a), Isaia,Maetz& Haywood (1978b) and Isaia (1979) have shown that epinephrine increases branchial permeability to the lipophilic substance butanol and to water and urea. Isaia etal.…”

Section: Qualitative Studies: Pathogenesis Of Branchial Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Histological effects of the inert suspended clay kaolin on the gills of juvenile rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson

Goldes

Ferguson

Moccia

et al. 1988

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Juvenile rainbow trout were exposed to 36, 171, 1017 and 4887 mg/1 of suspended kaolin clay for 64 days. Gills were analysed quahtatively and quantitatively using histology. Branchial pathology was absent at all sample times in fish exposed to 36,171 and 1017 mg/! kaolin, althoughintracellularkaotinwas visible within filament and lamellar epithelium in gills exposed to 171, 1017 and 4887 mg/1 kaolin at 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 days. Lesions were found in gills exposed to 4887 mg/I kaolin at 16 and 32 days but the marked lamellar proliferation was associated with moderate to large numbers of protozoa identified as Ichthyobodo necator. Gills regained normal architecture by 64 days despite continued exposure to kaolin. It is suggested that while the gill lesions were probably a direct result of protozoan infection, kaolin was indirectly responsible for creating a favourable environment for protozoan colonization. The recovery of normal architecture and reduction of protozoan numbers between 32 and 64 days was probably a function of increased mucus secretion, immune response and turnover of branchial epithelium. The authors conclude that exposure to prevailing levels of this inert clay particle, even for periods as long as 64 days, probably has little direct effect on gill structure at the light microscope level. The action of noninert and organic particles remains to be investigated.

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Kinetic study of gill epithelium permeability to water diffusion in the fresh water trout,Salmo gairdneri: Effect of adrenaline

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of environmental salinity on branchial permeability of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.

Effects of environmental salinity on branchial permeability of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.

Ammonia and urea excretion in the tidepool sculpin (Oligocottus maculosus): sites of excretion, effects of reduced salinity and mechanisms of urea transport

Histological effects of the inert suspended clay kaolin on the gills of juvenile rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson

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