Kinetic studies of high-temperature reduction of sulfur dioxide by methane

Bobrin, A. S.; Anikeev, V. I.; Yermakova, A.; Zheivot, V. I.; Кириллов, В. А.

doi:10.1007/bf02073817

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In this study, the elemental sulfur first generated from the plasma process was in a gaseous form, then it diffused to and became attached on the wall to form polysulfur via the heterogeneous wall reactions. In addition, the formation of CS 2 could be mainly due to the produced CS reacted with S or S 2 (Bobrin et al, 1989). H 2 is formed primarily via the reformation of H with H or CH 2 or direct CH 4 dissociation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium T₂* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Pabst¹,

Sandstede²,

Beer³

et al. 2002

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: To determine sodium transverse relaxation (T 2 *) characteristics for myocardium, blood and cartilage in humans.Methods: T 2 * measurements were performed using a 3D ECG-gated spoiled gradient echo sequence. A 1.5 Tesla clinical scanner and a 23 Na heart surface coil were used to examine eight healthy volunteers. In biological tissue, the sodium 23 nucleus exhibits a two-component T 2 relaxation due to the spin 3/2 and its quadrupolar nature. The long T 2 * components of normal myocardium, blood, and cartilage were quantified. For myocardium, the T 2 * was determined separately for the septum, anterior wall, lateral wall, and posterior wall. Results:The long T 2 * relaxation time components of 13.3 Ϯ 4.3 msec (septum 13.9 Ϯ 3.2 msec, anterior wall 13.8 Ϯ 5.4 msec, lateral wall 11.4 Ϯ 4.1 msec, posterior wall 14.1 Ϯ 3.7 msec), 19.3 Ϯ 3.3 msec, and 10.2 Ϯ 1.6 msec, were significantly different for myocardium, blood, and cartilage, respectively (P Ͻ 0.00001, Friedman's ANOVA). Conclusion: Measurement of23 Na T 2 * relaxation times is feasible for different regions of the human heart muscle, which might be useful for the evaluation of cardiac pathologies. Key IN RECENT YEARS, there has been an increasing interest in human cardiac23 Na MRI, since in vivo and in vitro animal studies as well as preliminary clinical studies have demonstrated that 23 Na MRI can detect location and extent of myocardial infarction (1-5). With proton imaging, detection of late enhancement after Gd-DTPA is considered to be a robust method of identifying non-viable myocardium (5). However, 23 Na MRI has the potential to give additional insights into the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction, i.e., the changes of ion hemostasis. In comparison to 1 H, the 23 Na MR signal is more than 2 ϫ 10 4 times smaller. This is due to both lower MR sensitivity and smaller concentration of the 23 Na nucleus relative to the 1 H nucleus (6). Another fundamental difference is that the T 1 and T 2 relaxation times of 23 Na, as measured in animal studies (3), are substantially shorter than those of 1 H. The 23 Na nucleus has a complex MR behavior as a result of the spin quantum number 3/2 and its quadrupolar nature (7). Monoexponential as well as biexponential T 2 and T 2 * relaxation behavior was found for in vivo and in vitro animal (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)14) and in vivo human studies (13-15). T 2 and T 2 * relaxation measurements in humans were performed for the brain (13,14), showing a monoexponential behavior for white matter, gray matter, and the vitreous humor. One study of the T 2 relaxation time of the human calf muscle demonstrated a long (28.4 msec) and a short component (2.2 msec) (15). According to a two-component relaxation behavior found in animal heart studies (3,12,16) and the results of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) considerations in human heart (17), a two-component relaxation behavior will be assumed in human heart.For optimization of imaging sequences and examination protocols for dedicated anatomical areas the relaxation times T 1 ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium T₂* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Pabst¹,

Sandstede²,

Beer³

et al. 2002

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…In addition, the formation of CS 2 could be mainly due to the produced CS reacted with S or S 2 (Bobrin et al, 1989). H 2 is formed primarily via the reformation of H with H or CH 2 or direct CH 4 dissociation.…”

Section: Proposed Reaction Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of SO₂ into elemental sulfur by using the RF plasma technique

Tsai¹,

Lee²,

Shih³

et al. 2004

AIChE Journal

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“…Catalysts for the reduction of SO 2 to elemental sulfur using CH 4 have included bauxite [18], alumina [19][20][21], metal oxides, and sulfdes supported on alumina and activated carbon [22][23][24][25][26], along with transition metal sulfdes [27], ferromanganese nodules [28], and cobalt oxide on diferent supports [29]. Cerium oxide has also demonstrated signifcant catalytic activity in this context [30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of SO2 to Elemental Sulfur in Flue Gas Using Copper-Alumina Catalysts

Mousavi,

Pahlavanzadeh,

Khalighi

et al. 2023

Journal of Nanotechnology

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This study aims to propose an advanced catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of SO2, as a sustainable process to mitigate the emission of this toxic gas, which is a significant environmental concern. The conversion of SO2 through catalytic reduction with CH4 to elemental sulfur was investigated using Al2O3-Cu catalysts. The reaction was conducted under atmospheric pressure and at a temperature range of 550–800°C. A remarkable 99.9% SO2 conversion rate and 99.5% sulfur selectivity were achieved using the Al2O3-Cu (10%) catalyst at 750°C. The highest conversion rates of SO2 to elemental sulfur, with minimal production of undesirable by-products such as H2S and COS, were obtained when the SO2/CH4 molar feed ratio was set at 2, which is the stoichiometric ratio. Furthermore, the optimal catalyst exhibited excellent long-term stability for SO2 reduction with methane.

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Kinetic studies of high-temperature reduction of sulfur dioxide by methane

Cited by 9 publications

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Sodium T₂* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Sodium T₂* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Conversion of SO₂ into elemental sulfur by using the RF plasma technique

Reduction of SO2 to Elemental Sulfur in Flue Gas Using Copper-Alumina Catalysts

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Kinetic studies of high-temperature reduction of sulfur dioxide by methane

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Sodium T2* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Sodium T2* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Conversion of SO2 into elemental sulfur by using the RF plasma technique

Reduction of SO2 to Elemental Sulfur in Flue Gas Using Copper-Alumina Catalysts

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Product

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Sodium T₂* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Sodium T₂* relaxation times in human heart muscle

Conversion of SO₂ into elemental sulfur by using the RF plasma technique