Kinetic properties of steroid 19-hydroxylase and estrogen synthetase from porcine ovary microsomes

Kautsky, Marie P.; Hagerman, Dwain D.

doi:10.1016/0022-4731(80)90088-6

Journal of Steroid Biochemistry

1980

DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(80)90088-6

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Kinetic properties of steroid 19-hydroxylase and estrogen synthetase from porcine ovary microsomes

Marie P. Kautsky

Dwain D. Hagerman

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Cited by 17 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…For instance, P450c11 metabolizes both androstenedione (Rainey et al, ’94) and testosterone (Kusakabe et al, 2002) as substrates utilized in common with P450arom. Importantly, like P450arom (Kautsky and Hagerman, ’80), P450c11 is an active 19-hydroxylase (Veronneau et al, ’96) and is the only other enzyme shown to be capable of aromatizing an androgen (19OH-androstenedione) to estrogen (estrone; Suhara et al, ’88). The steric proximity of the C-19 and C-11 positions on the steroid nucleus further suggests that substrate orientation is also conserved (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adaptive evolution of mammalian aromatases: lessons from Suiformes

Conley

Hughes

2008

J. Exp. Zool.

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Estrogen synthesis evolved in chordates to control reproduction. The terminal enzyme in the cascade directly responsible for estrogen synthesis is aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom) encoded by the CYP19 gene. Mammals typically have a single CYP19 gene but pigs, peccaries and other Suiformes have two or more resulting from duplication in a common ancestor. Duplication of CYP genes in the steroid synthetic cascade has occurred for only one other enzyme, also terminal, 11β-hydroxylase P450 (P450c11). P450arom and P450c11 share common substrates and even physiological functions as possible remnants from a common P450 progenitor, perhaps an ancestral P450arom, which is supported by phylogenetic analysis. Conserved tissue-specific expression patterns of P450arom paralogs in placenta and gonads of pigs and peccaries suggest how functional adaptation may have proceeded divergently and influenced adopted reproductive strategies including ovulation rate and litter size. Data suggest that the porcine placental paralog evolved catalytically to protect female conceptuses from testosterone produced by male siblings; the gonadal paralog to synthesize a novel, nonaromatizable testosterone metabolite (1OH-testosterone) that may increase ovulation rate. This would represent a coevolution facilitating litter bearing as pigs diverged from peccaries. Evidence of convergence between the peccary CYP19 genes and lower tissue expression may therefore represent initiation of loss of the functional paralogs. Studies on the Suiforme aromatases provide insights into the evolution of the steroidogenic cascade and metabolic pathways in general, how it translates into physiological adaptations (altered reproductive strategies for instance), and how duplicated genes become stabilized or disappear from genomes.

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confidence: 99%

Adaptive evolution of mammalian aromatases: lessons from Suiformes

Conley

Hughes

2008

J. Exp. Zool.

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High altitude and hypertension during pregnancy

Zamudio

Plamer

Regensteiner

et al. 1995

American J Hum Biol

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Hypertensive complications of pregnancy are more common at high than low altitudes. Hypertension in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality; thus natural selection may be operating against women who develop the disorder and their infants. It has long been hypothesized that chronic hypoxia due to residence at high altitude predisposes women to develop hypertension during pregnancy. Prior studies indicate that maternal adaptation to pregnancy is altered by residence at high altitude such that some physiological characteristics of women pregnant at high altitude resemble those of women who develop hypertension during pregnancy at low altitude. This paper reviews data from studies, conducted over the past decade, which support a relationship between chronic hypoxia and hypertension during pregnancy. The results suggest that both the requirements for successful adaptation to high altitude, as well as the effect of lowered P during pregnancy, may contribute to the development of hypertension during pregnancy. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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The constitutive 7-ethoxycoumarin 0-deethylase of human placental microsomes: relationship to the intermediary steps in steroid aromatization

Meigs

1990

Life Sciences

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Kinetic properties of steroid 19-hydroxylase and estrogen synthetase from porcine ovary microsomes

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Adaptive evolution of mammalian aromatases: lessons from Suiformes

Adaptive evolution of mammalian aromatases: lessons from Suiformes

High altitude and hypertension during pregnancy

The constitutive 7-ethoxycoumarin 0-deethylase of human placental microsomes: relationship to the intermediary steps in steroid aromatization

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