Kinetic phase diagrams as a consequence of sudden changing temperature or particle size

Abstract

The sphere of kinetic phase diagrams is reconsidered, while accentuating its specificity and practical impact when studying system under rapid changes of temperature (cooling). The meaning of temperature is discussed when measured during ultrafast quenching experiments. The apparent analogy between the temperature-dependent kinetic phase diagrams and those obtained for diminishing particle size is observed and investigated. Specific behavior of nanocomposites is explored regarding particle curvature, temperatures of transformation, dissolution, or phase separation.

Šesták–Berggren equation: now questioned but formerly celebrated—what is right

“…Incorporation of an experimental upshot arising from the individuality of measuring methods, such as DTA yielding troubles with the sample heat inertia [77,78] 4. Generalized effect of temperature gradient [79] always exists within the bulk of the sample under study affecting chip measurements [80] construction of phase diagrams [81] and any kinetic analysis [82,83].…”

Do we know what the temperature is?

“…It enables one e.g. to extend considerations on essentially non-equilibrium situations [39,40] and to suggest the solutions of some difficult problems in relativistic thermodynamics [41] or in solid-state physics [42].…”

The quandary aspects of non-isothermal kinetics beyond the ICTAC kinetic committee recommendations

“…It encompasses a great deal of kinetics inherent in physical-chemical processes (especially fluxes of mass and heat). It has come to pass a special domain of solid-state physics called kinetic phase diagrams [133][134][135][136].…”

“…In this regard we can turn our attention to the universally valid principle known as a Heisenberg quantum limit precluding an isolated detection of a particle motion from its position. Correspondingly we could endure existence of a similar threshold for a parallel measurement of heat and temperature when jointly taking place very far from (required) thermal equilibrium [135][136][137].…”

“…For such kinetic-dependent measurements [19,[127][128][129][130] including nano-level measurements [134][135][136][137] we may coin a new term for the operational characterization of discriminative temperatures by using basis of 'temper' for coining a new term 'tempericity'. Consequently during its rapid changes the temperature scale cannot be calibrated by equilibrium process of melting which accommodate metastability and consequent undercooling, which was long ago noted by Flynn [140].…”