Kinetic optimization of straight open-tubular liquid chromatography

Knox, John H.; Gilbert, Mary T.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)95263-4

Cited by 290 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The silanol group density of the channel/capillary surface is hence important for the stability of the future column and in the case of conventional fused silica capillaries sometimes has to be increased by treatment with an alkaline solution [15]. Since Pyrex rather than fused silica was used as support in case of the CEC-chips, the silanol group density was expected to be much higher and already suf®cient for stable stationary phase bonding.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Stationary Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of the sol–gel technique for the development of novel stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography on a chip

Constantin

Freitag

Solignac

et al. 2001

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) appears ideally suited for high performance separations at small scale, i.e. on a chip. Problems with the reproducible production of the required m-HPLC column, but also the lack of commercially available m-CEC instruments have prevented many putative applicants of this promising technique from entering the ®eld. In this paper, a fast and easy way to produce selfcontaining open-tubular m-CEC columns (C 8 -moieties for reversed phase applications) by the sol±gel technique is described. The corresponding chips were designed to be compatible with a commercial system for capillary electrophoresis (namely a Beckman P/ACE 5500 system with diode array detection). Method development and application hence bene®ted from the injection and the detection options of this setup. The separation of a mixture of three uncharged analytes (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) by the chip is given as example. Under optimized conditions, the performance of the chip appeared to be comparable or better than that of capillary-based CEC columns of the same kind. #

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Section: Preparation Of the Stationary Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of the sol–gel technique for the development of novel stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography on a chip

Constantin

Freitag

Solignac

et al. 2001

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…Reijn et al [10] applied the results of Knox and co-workers [11,12] and of Guiochon [13], who considered LC systems, to FIA . It was concluded that in order to improve the perfor mance in terms of throughput and reagent con sumption while maintaining adequate residence times (to allow chemical reaction to occur to a measurable extent), FIA systems should be miniaturized.…”

Section: Optimization In Fia and Lcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometric detectors for flow-injection analysis

Tyson

1990

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…Later, Pfeffer et al [2] used RP functionalised open tubular columns (OTCs) coated with cetylpyridinium chloride for anion separations. Knox and Gilbert [3] and Knox [4] outlined general theoretical considerations in microcolumn LC for both packed columns and OTCs; they suggested that OTCs can be competitive in terms of separation efficiency and analysis time primarily when operated at high plate numbers (N). Practical limitations at that time had been the availability of small volume injectors/detectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Injection valves capable of low nanolitre injection volumes are also readily available from a number of vendors; miniature low-pressure injection valves, capable of reproducibly injecting nanolitre sample volumes, can also be easily fabricated [7]. However, the theoretical optimum inner diameters for OTCs calculated by Knox and Gilbert [3] may not be practical. For N = 10 4 , an aqueous eluent at room temperature, an analyte diffusion coefficient of 10 -5 cm 2 /s, the optimum inner diameter was computed to be 0.26 lm for P a200 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravity‐flow open tubular cation chromatography

Kubáň

Pelcová

Kubáň

et al. 2008

J of Separation Science

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We describe ion chromatography (IC) on open tubular cation exchange columns with a controllable capacity multilayered stationary phase architecture. The columns of relatively large bore (75 lm id) are fabricated by coating fused-silica capillaries with multiple layers of poly(butadiene-maleic acid) (PBMA) copolymer and crosslinking the deposited layers by thermally initiated radical polymerisation. Column capacity increases in a predictable manner with increase in the number of successively coated layers. Gravity flow with a modest head (a 2 m) can provide the desired separations within a reasonable period. We provide a minimalist configuration where no suppression is used, the sample is injected hydrodynamically as in CE, and detection is accomplished by an inexpensive homebuilt contactless conductivity detector or a capacitance to voltage digital converter. A 1 m long 75 lm bore column coated with two layers of PBMA allows gravity-flow open tubular IC to separate four alkali cations in a 10 min with a 1 mM tartaric acid (TA) eluent. Simultaneous separation of alkali and alkaline earth metal cations can be accomplished in less than 25 min using 1.75 mM pyridinedicarboxylic acid as an eluent. Contactless conductometric detection (C 4 D) allows LODs down to 150 nmol/L, corresponding to 30 fmol injections. Analysis of real water samples is demonstrated.

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Kinetic optimization of straight open-tubular liquid chromatography

Cited by 290 publications

References 14 publications

Utilization of the sol–gel technique for the development of novel stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography on a chip

Utilization of the sol–gel technique for the development of novel stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography on a chip

Atomic spectrometric detectors for flow-injection analysis

Gravity‐flow open tubular cation chromatography

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