Kinetic modelling of the liquid-phase dimerization of isoamylenes on Amberlyst 35

Cruz, V.; Izquierdo, J.F.; Cunill, Fidel; Iborra, Montserrat; Fité, Carles

doi:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2006.11.003

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, by considering that the proposed mechanism for dimerization considered the presence of one adsorbed carbocation, the most appropriate kinetic model would be a heterogeneous one. However, for simplicity and in view of the good results obtained for 1-hexene [17] and isoamylene heterogeneously catalyzed dimerization [21], a homogeneous kinetic model will be used. When all these observations are taken into consideration, the irreversible dimerization reaction, with the stoichiometry 2 hexene ?…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that the pre-exponential factor and the activation energy (44.9 kJ mol -1 ) were within the expected ranges for second-order reactions in the liquid phase. Using Amberlyst 35, Cruz et al [21] proposed a heterogeneous kinetic model for amylenes dimerization in presence of alcohols with two isoamylenes molecules participating in the rate-limiting step. They showed an apparent activation energy for the isoamylenes dimerization in the range 34-53 kJ mol -1 .…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Liquid-Phase Oligomerization of 1-Hexene Catalyzed by Macroporous Ion-Exchange Resins

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oligomerization of pure 1-hexene catalyzed by macroporous ion-exchange resins was performed in batch experiments at 350-390 K and 2 MPa. At 373 K, after 6 h, 1-hexene conversion was practically complete and the selectivity to dimers was 56%, that to trimers 0.8 and 43.2% to double-bond isomerization. By assuming an homogeneous kinetic model for olefin dimerization of second order reaction, a value of 64-68 kJ mol -1 for apparent activation energy was obtained.

show abstract

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-Phase Oligomerization of 1-Hexene Catalyzed by Macroporous Ion-Exchange Resins

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of MTBE (Gómez et al, 1997;Iborra et al, 2002;Izquierdo et al, 1994) and TAME (Krause and Hammarström, 1987;Mao et al, 2008;Muja et al, 2005;Rihko and Krause, 1995;Rihko et al, 1997;Serdá et al, 1995;Solà et al, 1997;Syed et al, 2000) production reactions are available in literature, and also the influence of mass transfer effects (Pääkkönen and Krause, 2003). Similarly, kinetics of ETBE (Fité et al, 1994;Franç oisse and Thyrion, 1991;Iborra et al, 2002;Izquierdo et al, 1994;González, 2011;Solà et al, 1995;Vila et al, 1993) and TAEE (Aiouache and Goto, 2003;Boonthamtirawuti et al, 2009;Bozga et al, 2008;Cruz et al, 2007;Linnekoski et al, 1997;Oktar et al, 1999b;Zhang et al, 1997) formation reactions have been widely studied for the isolated systems in previous works. Activation energies and kinetic constants values have been published, concluding that a Rideal-Eley mechanism fits better for the liquid phase ETBE synthesis from IB and EtOH and that a Langmuir-Hinshelwood model describes better the liquid phase reaction between IA and EtOH to produce TAEE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium of the simultaneous etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol in liquid-phase

Fité

Ramírez

Cunill

2014

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ARTICLE IN PRESS CHERD-1418; No. of Pages 13 chemical engineering research and design x x x ( 2 0 1 3 ) xxx-xxx ethyl tert-butyl ether formation, tert-amyl ethyl ether formation from isoamylenes (2-methyl-1-butene and 2-methyl-2-butene) and isomerization reaction between both isoamylenes. Equilibrium data were obtained in a batchwise IntroductionIn order to reduce hazardous and evaporative gasoline exhausts and from refueling emissions, as well as their environmental impact at the time that engines energetic efficiency is enhanced, new legislation and major efforts have been devoted to fuel reformulation. The European Directive 2009/28/EC promotes the usage of combustibles from renewable resources, such as bioethanol, and the directive 2009/30/EC establishes the main guidelines related to fuel reformulation.As it is well known, olefins of the C 5 fraction from oil, mainly the reactive isoamylenes (IA) 2-methyl-1-butene (2M1B) and 2-methyl-2-butene (2M2B), present some disadvantages as components of a gasoline, particularly in tropical zones. This is because these are the olefins with the highest * Corresponding author. Tel.: +34 934034769; fax: +34 934021291. E-mail addresses: rsotolop7@alumnes.ub.edu (R. Soto), fite@ub.edu (C. Fité), eliana.ramirez-rangel@ub.edu (E. Ramírez), rogerbringue@ub.edu (R. Bringué), fcunill@ub.edu (F. Cunill).Received 25 Reid vapor pressure (RVP), the highest atmospheric reactivity, the highest potential of tropospheric ozone formation (around 90%) and these are the largest amount of the olefins present in a gasoline (above 25 wt.% of the C 5 fraction from fluid catalytic cracking, FCC) (Rock et al., 1992). Thus, to diminish the impact of their use as fuel components on the environment, the reduction of the content of these compounds by means of either its etherification with primary alcohols or via oligomerization would result in a more suitable alternative than the reduction of the total olefin content of a gasoline. Oxygenated compounds have been gradually gaining importance in the gasoline market since lead compounds were banned as octane enhancers. The two main types of oxygenates used as high octane additives are alcohols and ethers. Among alcohols, the most widely used is ethanol (EtOH), whereas the main tertiary ethers are methyl tert-buty ether

show abstract

“…Despite not being oxygenates, hydrogenated dimers of isobutene (IB) and isoamylenes (IA) are also interesting chances as fuel additives because of their high octane rating and low water solubility [18,19]. For instance, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene (TMP-1) and 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene (TMP-2), could be used as a feedstock to produce other high-octane gasoline components such as isooctane (2,2,4-trimethyl pentane) by means of the dimer hydrogenation or ethers like 2-methoxy-2,4,4-trimethyl pentane and 2-ethoxy-2,4,4-trimethyl pentane.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, dimers of IA can be used in the perfumery and flavor industry, what makes these side products valuable [20]. Table 1 [19,[21][22][23][24][25][26] Tertiary alkyl ethers are usually manufactured in equilibrium reactors. Depending on experimental conditions, a wide variety of compounds can be formed as products of reversible and irreversible reactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium conversion, selectivity and yield optimization of the simultaneous liquid-phase etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol over Amberlyst™ 35

Fité

Ramírez

Cunill

2016

Fuel Processing Technology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A prospective study on the product distribution at chemical equilibrium for the simultaneous liquid-phase etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol over Amberlyst TM 35 is presented. Experiments were performed isothermally in a 200 cm 3 stirred tank batch reactor operating at 2.0 MPa. Initial molar ratios of alcohol/olefins and isobutene/isoamylenes ranged both from 0.5 to 2, and temperature from 323 to 353 K. Reactants equilibrium conversion, selectivities and yields toward products were clearly affected by the experimental conditions. Experimental etherification yields have been modeled using the response surface methodology (RSM), combined with the stepwise regression method to include only the statistically significant variables into the model. The multiobjective optimization (MOO) of etherification yields has been carried out numerically, by means of the desirability functions approach, and graphically, by using the overlaid contour plots (OCP).Optimal conditions for the simultaneous production of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and tertamyl ethyl ether (TAEE) have been found to be at low temperatures (323 to 337 K) and initial molar ratio alcohol/olefins close to 0.9 and isobutene/isoamylenes close to 0.5. 2

show abstract

Kinetic modelling of the liquid-phase dimerization of isoamylenes on Amberlyst 35

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

Liquid-Phase Oligomerization of 1-Hexene Catalyzed by Macroporous Ion-Exchange Resins

Liquid-Phase Oligomerization of 1-Hexene Catalyzed by Macroporous Ion-Exchange Resins

Equilibrium of the simultaneous etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol in liquid-phase

Equilibrium conversion, selectivity and yield optimization of the simultaneous liquid-phase etherification of isobutene and isoamylenes with ethanol over Amberlyst™ 35

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About