“…In the context of both energy security and climate change mitigation, biomass is of major interest as a renewable energy source. In recent times, agricultural residues, municipal solid wastes, 1,2 vegetable wastes like Pungam oil cakes, 3 jute waste, [4][5][6] soybean, 7 rapeseed, 8 sunower oil cake, 9 cotton based textile wastes 10 and energy crops have attracted great attention as alternative energy sources. In India, jute fabric is used as an ecofriendly lignocellulosic bio-packaging material particularly for food-grains and sugar 11,12 and a large portion faces disposal problems.…”