Kinetic Modeling on Nozzle Clogging During Steel Billet Continuous Casting

Long, Mujun; Zuo, Xunwei; Zhang, Lifeng; Chen, Dengfu

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.50.712

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Zhang et al [25][26][27] tracked the trajectories and entrapment locations of inclusions in a slidegate nozzle. Long et al 35) studied the Al 2 O 3 inclusion behavior in a turbulent pipe flow. Effects of factors, such as release location of inclusion, inclusion size, pipe diameter, casting speed, on the entrapment probability were investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Turbulent Flow Phenomena and Ce2O3 Behavior during a Steel Teeming Process

Jonsson

Ersson

et al. 2013

ISIJ Int.

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Steel flow phenomena and Ce2O3 inclusion behavior are presented in this paper. A three-dimensional model was developed to describe the steel flow phenomena and the inclusion behavior during a teeming process. The Kim-Chen modified k-ε turbulent model was used to simulate the turbulence properties and the Height-of-Liquid model was used to capture the interface between gas and steel. A Lagrangian method was then used to track the inclusions and to compare the behaviors of different-size inclusions in the steel flow. In addition, a statistical analysis was carried out by the use of a stochastic turbulence model to investigate the behaviors of different-size inclusions at different nozzle regions. The results show that the steel flow was the most turbulent at the connection region of the straight pipe part and the expanding part of the nozzle. All inclusions with a diameter smaller than 20 μ m were found to have a similar trajectory and velocity distribution in the nozzle. However, inertia force and buoyancy force were found to play an important role for the behaviors of large-size inclusions/clusters. The statistical analysis results indicate that the regions close to the connection region between different angled nozzle parts seem to be very sensitive with respect to deposition of inclusions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, steel flows in nozzles were also studied and compared by using of different turbulence models. [30][31][32][33][34][35] Some researchers also studied the inclusion behavior in a nozzle during casting. Wilson et al 14) investigated the steel flow characteristics in a nozzle and tracked the trajectories of inclusions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulent Flow Phenomena and Ce2O3 Behavior during a Steel Teeming Process

Jonsson

Ersson

et al. 2013

ISIJ Int.

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“…In order to understand the deposition location and mechanism, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies have been carried out to investigate the inclusion transport in turbulent steel flows and its deposition on the SEN walls. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Deposition rates of inclusions on the SEN wall were predicted by using an Eulerian deposition model, which considered the transport of inclusions in the turbulent flow boundary layer as well as the turbophoresis effect. [16,17] Finally, inclusions move into the mold accompanying steel flows, where the solidification of molten steel happens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Nonmetallic Inclusion Motions in a Swirling Flow Submerged Entry Nozzle in a New Cylindrical Tundish Design

Ersson

Jonsson

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans B

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PEIYUAN NI, MIKAEL ERSSON, LAGE TORD INGEMAR JONSSON, and PÄ R GÖ RAN JÖ NSSONDifferent sizes and shapes of nonmetallic inclusions in a swirling flow submerged entry nozzle (SEN) placed in a new tundish design were investigated by using a Lagrangian particle tracking scheme. The results show that inclusions in the current cylindrical tundish have difficulties remaining in the top tundish region, since a strong rotational steel flow exists in this region. This high rotational flow of 0.7 m/s provides the required momentum for the formation of a strong swirling flow inside the SEN. The results show that inclusions larger than 40 lm were found to deposit to a smaller extent on the SEN wall compared to smaller inclusions. The reason is that these large inclusions have Separation number values larger than 1. Thus, the swirling flow causes these large size inclusions to move toward the SEN center. For the nonspherical inclusions, large size inclusions were found to be deposited on the SEN wall to a larger extent, compared to spherical inclusions. More specifically, the difference of the deposited inclusion number is around 27 pct. Overall, it was found that the swirling flow contains three regions, namely, the isotropic core region, the anisotropic turbulence region and the near-wall region. Therefore, anisotropic turbulent fluctuations should be taken into account when the inclusion motion was tracked in this complex flow. In addition, many inclusions were found to deposit at the SEN inlet region. The plotted velocity distribution shows that the inlet flow is very chaotic. A high turbulent kinetic energy value of around 0.08 m 2 /s 2 exists in this region, and a recirculating flow was also found here. These flow characteristics are harmful since they increase the inclusion transport toward the wall. Therefore, a new design of the SEN inlet should be developed in the future, with the aim to modify the inlet flow so that the inclusion deposition is reduced.

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Other authors have studied the fluidynamics inside the nozzle trying to figure out the inclusion deposition at the typical adhesion zones, finding that these are related to low pressure and high turbulence zones. [22][23][24][25][26] In contrast, many researchers have tried to establish the variables affecting the inclusion trajectory, focusing on the forces balance. Sasai et al 27) found that the drag force is the dominant force, and when the inclusion size is 10 micrometers, the buoyant and gravitational forces are 4 order of magnitude lower than this force, and for inclusion sizes of 1 micrometer the difference between the order of magnitude is higher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Analysis of the Dynamic Effects on the Deposition of Alumina Inclusions inside the Upper Tundish Nozzle

2016

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Nozzle clogging is still a standing problem in the continuous casting of steel since the deposition of alumina inclusions inside the Upper Tundish Nozzle (UTN) affects the productivity and the product quality. The present fundamental work studies the effects of inertial, gravitational, buoyant, pressure gradient, and Saffman forces on the deposited inclusion trajectories at the typical adhesion zone inside the UTN, using analytical and numerical techniques. For this, a mathematical model was developed considering the Navier-Stokes equations, the standard k-ε model, and the Lagrangian discrete phase model for a coupled system including the tundish, the UTN, the slide gate, the SEN, and the mould. The results show that the highest inclusion deposition rate is just below a low static pressure zone. At the low static pressure zone the pressure gradient force becomes important, attracting the inclusions to the nozzle wall, and once the inclusions leave this zone, this force does not promote a significant inclusion radial movement. In addition, at the highest deposition zone, the effects of the gravitational and buoyant forces do not promote a significant inclusion radial movement since these are aligned with the direction of the flow stream lines. In contrast, the Saffman force shows an important effect on the deposited inclusions, slowing down the inclusions in the vertical axis and increasing their radial movement.

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Kinetic Modeling on Nozzle Clogging During Steel Billet Continuous Casting

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

Turbulent Flow Phenomena and Ce2O3 Behavior during a Steel Teeming Process

Turbulent Flow Phenomena and Ce2O3 Behavior during a Steel Teeming Process

A Study on the Nonmetallic Inclusion Motions in a Swirling Flow Submerged Entry Nozzle in a New Cylindrical Tundish Design

Mathematical Analysis of the Dynamic Effects on the Deposition of Alumina Inclusions inside the Upper Tundish Nozzle

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