Kinetic Modeling of 1‐G Ethanol Fermentations

Abstract

The most recent rise in demand for bioethanol, due mainly to economic and environmental issues, has required highly productive and efficient processes. In this sense, mathematical models play an important role in the design, optimization, and control of bioreactors for ethanol production. Such bioreactors are generally modeled by a set of first-order ordinary differential equations, which are derived from mass and energy balances over bioreactors. Complementary equations have also been included to describe fermentation kinetics, based on Monod equation with additional terms accounting for inhibition effects linked to the substrate, products, and biomass. In this chapter, a reasonable number of unstructured kinetic models of 1-G ethanol fermentations have been compiled and reviewed. Segregated models, as regards the physiological state of the biomass (cell viability), have also been reviewed, and it was found that some of the analyzed kinetic models are also applied to the modeling of second-generation ethanol production processes.

Construction of a generalized model of the harmful substances biochemical destruction process kinetics under conditions of substrate inhibition using the methods of simulation modeling

“…It turned out that a characteristic feature of such research is approximation of results with high determination coefficients, obtained when using different models. This conclusion was made by the authors of [15] when comparing three-parameter models (1), (7), (9), (10). In this case, model (9) was calculated for n = 0.5; 1.…”

“…In general, critical analysis of the structures of formulas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] revealed the lack of theoretical dependence for mechanisms of substrate inhibition of high intensity. In addition, a comparison of the accuracy of description of the experimental data [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] by various formulas showed their closeness in actual ranges of substrate concentrations. That is why the unresolved problem is finding and substantiation of the unified theoretical dependence, describing different mechanisms of substrate inhibition in the generalized form.…”

Heat Transfer Model in a Rotary Drum During the Fermentation Process

“…The kinetic reaction for fermentation has been extensively studied and many kinetic models have been proposed. Some of the models were proposed in David et al, [17] and Oliveira et al, [18]. The research in [19] incorporated the diffusion and advection terms into the kinetic reaction of fermentation process.…”