Kinetic model of autotrophic denitrification in sulphur packed-bed reactors

Study of a combined sulfur autotrophic with proton-exchange membrane electrodialytic denitrification technology: Sulfate control and pH balance

“…The sulfate in effluent decreased from 278.8 mg/L to 110.2 mg/L with HRT shortened from 1.25 h to 0.25 h. By subtracting the average sulfate concentration in influent, the sulfate generated by S-part was obtained. As can be seen from Table 2, the sulfate generated by S-part decreased from 222.5 mg/L to 53.9 mg/L when HRT shortened from 1.25 h to 0.25 h. The concentration ratio of increased sulfate to reduced NO À 3 -N (m/m: SO 2À 4 /NO À 3 -N) has an average value of 7.08, close to the stoichiometric value 7.18 (Koenig and Liu, 2001). …”

“…As reported (Wang, 1998;Koenig and Liu, 2001;Moon et al, 2004), the Zero-order and Half-order bulk reaction kinetics model could be used to fit nitrate removal in sulfur packed column.…”

“…Sulfur was also used as electron donor for autotrophic denitrification. Contrary to hydrogen autotrophic denitrification, sulfur autotrophic denitrification consumes alkalinity thus resulting in a decrease of pH with generated sulfate as a by-product (Koenig and Liu, 2001):…”

Using the combined bioelectrochemical and sulfur autotrophic denitrification system for groundwater denitrification

“…In the CBSAD process, nitrate is firstly reduced to nitrogen gas by the biofilm on sulfur granule surface in S-part, and H + is generated meanwhile (Koenig and Liu, 2001):…”

“…Since groundwater always has a very low concentration of biodegradable organic materials, autotrophic denitrification which utilizes CO 2 as their carbon source from water requires addition of an electron donor substrate. Elemental sulfur (Batchelor and Lawerence, 1978;Claus and Kutzner, 1985;Wang, 1998;Koenig and Liu, 2001;Liu and Koenig, 2002;Kimura et al, 2002;Moon et al, 2004;Zeng and Zhang, 2005;Sierra-Alvarez et al, 2007) and H 2 (Mansell and Schroeder, 2002;Rezania et al, 2007) as electron donor for autotrophic denitrification systems has been studied extensively.…”