Kinetic investigations of formation of polyimides containing arylene sulfone ether linkages by potentiometric titration and their characterization

Yılmaz, Tülay; Güçlü, Hande; Özarslan, Özdemi̇r; Yıldız, Emel; Kuyulu, Abdülkadir; Eki̇nci̇, Ekrem; Güngör, Atilla

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(199710)35:14<2981::aid-pola19>3.3.co;2-j

Cited by 4 publications

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“…An approach such as the incorporation of a flexible ether linkage and meta oriented phenylene rings into the polymer backbone has led to an increase in polymer chain flexibility and solubility of neat polyimides, but at the same time has lowered the effective upper use temperature of these polymers. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] This drawback makes them rather unqualified for the ever increasing demand for higher upper use temperature materials for microelectronics applications. Similarly, incorporation of inorganic clay leads to high thermal stability, but at the expense of fracture toughness and mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of 4,4′‐Bis(4‐aminophenoxy)diphenyl Sulfone Based Fluoropoly(ether‐imide)/Organo‐Modified Clay Nanocomposites

Vora

Pallathadka

Goh

et al. 2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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A series of fluoropoly(ether‐imide) (6F‐PEI), and [6F‐PEI/montmorillonite (MMT) clay) nanocomposites films were made by thermal curing of respective formulations containing fluoropoly(ether‐amic acid) (6F‐PEAA), synthesized from 2,2′‐bis(3,4‐dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) and 4,4′‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy)diphenyl sulfone (p‐SED), and increasing concentration of p‐SED treated montmorillonite clay (modified MMT clay) at temperature from RT to 350 °C. These films showed excellent solvent resistance as well as very good thermal stability, and increased glass transition (Tg) values with increasing % clay. In addition, these trifluoromethyl groups‐containing nanocomposites films showed sharp lowering of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) by 22%. Furthermore, they exhibited increased long‐term thermo‐oxidative stability (TOS), with % weight retention in the range of 86 to 92% in isothermal heating at 300 °C for 300 h in air, reduced water absorption at 100 RH at 50 °C in the range of 0.5 to 1.15%. These data are still much lower than those of neat ULTEM® 1000 and Kapton® H film. The modulus of elasticity is on an average 38% higher for the nanocomposite films relative to neat fluoropoly(ether‐imide) (6FDA + p‐SED), and above non‐fluorinated polyimide films. The surface energy measurement by One‐Liquid and Two‐Liquid method showed a comparable trend of decreasing contact angle. For the nanocomposite films having 15% hydrophobic clay, the contact angle decreased by 21 and 20% for DI‐water and formamide, respectively. The surface energy increase was in the range of 8.21–8.54 mJ/m2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of 4,4′‐Bis(4‐aminophenoxy)diphenyl Sulfone Based Fluoropoly(ether‐imide)/Organo‐Modified Clay Nanocomposites

Vora

Pallathadka

Goh

et al. 2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…The Arrhenius plot for various k values and corresponding temperatures, that is, the plot of ln k against a reciprocal of absolute temperature at various temperatures (145, 165, and 180 °C), should yield a straight line with its slope ( E a = 103.50 KJ/mol) and intercept ( k 0 = 3.48 × 10 14 ), as indicated in Figure 4. The high E a of the BAPDN/DSDA system can be explained by the stiffer naphthalene structure of BAPDN than that of common system without the naphthalene group 23. If the order of reaction is known (where n = 2), the solution of eq 3 can easily be obtained, that is The results of these experiments are quite close to a second‐order reaction for the solution imidization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Kinetic models for solution imidization of polyamic acid containing naphthalene‐pendant group

Leu

Wang

2001

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The kinetics and mechanisms of the solution imidization of polyamic acid resulting from a diamine, bis(4‐aminophenoxy‐3,5‐dimethylphenyl)naphthylmethane, and a dianhydride, 3,3′4,4′‐diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, were studied at three various temperatures (145, 165, and 180 °C). The results were confirmed by means of 1H NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Kinetic parameters were obtained by an isothermal study, and the results were quite close to second‐order kinetics for the homogeneous solution imidization. In addition, Carother's equation, Mark–Houwink theory, and GPC were used to explain the molecular weight of the imidization processes. The apparent activation energy (Ea) was 104 KJ/mol, and the pre‐exponential factor (k0) was 3.48 × 1014. The proposed kinetic mechanism is in good agreement with the kinetic models. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 4139–4151, 2001

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“…[44]. Poly(amic acid) formation is an intermolecular reaction which involves reactive group collisions and reaction, while imide formation is an intramolecular process which is much slower and requires higher activation energy than the former reaction [45], so Δ G a values for PAA formation, are lower than Δ G a values for imidization reaction of several polyimides, 67–101 kJ/mol, as reported by Yilmaz [46]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Kinetic Study and Microwaves Non-Thermal Effects on the Formation of Poly(amic acid) 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic Anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline (BAPHF). Reaction Activated by Microwave, Ultrasound and Conventional Heating

Tellez

Alquisira

Alonso

et al. 2011

IJMS

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Green chemistry is the design of chemical processes that reduce or eliminate negative environmental impacts. The use and production of chemicals involve the reduction of waste products, non-toxic components, and improved efficiency. Green chemistry applies innovative scientific solutions in the use of new reagents, catalysts and non-classical modes of activation such as ultrasounds or microwaves. Kinetic behavior and non-thermal effect of poly(amic acid) synthesized from (6FDA) dianhydride and (BAPHF) diamine in a low microwave absorbing p-dioxane solvent at low temperature of 30, 50, 70 °C were studied, under conventional heating (CH), microwave (MW) and ultrasound irradiation (US). Results show that the polycondensation rate decreases (MW > US > CH) and that the increased rates observed with US and MW are due to decreased activation energies of the Arrhenius equation. Rate constant for a chemical process activated by conventional heating declines proportionally as the induction time increases, however, this behavior is not observed under microwave and ultrasound activation. We can say that in addition to the thermal microwave effect, a non-thermal microwave effect is present in the system.

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Kinetic investigations of formation of polyimides containing arylene sulfone ether linkages by potentiometric titration and their characterization

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Preparation and Characterization of 4,4′‐Bis(4‐aminophenoxy)diphenyl Sulfone Based Fluoropoly(ether‐imide)/Organo‐Modified Clay Nanocomposites

Preparation and Characterization of 4,4′‐Bis(4‐aminophenoxy)diphenyl Sulfone Based Fluoropoly(ether‐imide)/Organo‐Modified Clay Nanocomposites

Kinetic models for solution imidization of polyamic acid containing naphthalene‐pendant group

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