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Thermal decomposition of ADC depends on processing conditions and activators or “kickers” used empirically to adjust gas yield, rate of yield, and decomposition temperature. These parameters also have a profound effect on the foaming process and foam properties. This work attempts to establish some fundamental variables by studying the effect of time, temperature and formulation on the thermal decomposition of ADC (in the absence of polymer matrix). Gas evolution rate apparatus was used to study thermal decomposition of ADC as a function of particle size and to determine the effects of introducing varying proportions of ZnO, zinc stearate and stearic acid as activators. DSC measurements were also used to study decomposition temperatures. The effect of particle aggregation on total gas yield was also investigated. It was shown that lowest decomposition temperatures of ADC alone, are achieved at lower heating rates (182°C at 0.25°C/min), whereas higher heating rates result in a significant increase of the decomposition temperature (260°C at 100°C/min). In addition, studies of total gas yield showed that the volume of gas liberated increased with increasing heating rate (from 250 cc/g at 2.5°C/ min to 350 cc/g at 11°C/min). The decomposition temperature, rate of gas yield and total gas yield are further complicated by particle size distribution, amount and type of additives used, degree of dispersion of the additives and the blowing agent, and together with processing conditions, produce a unique set of conditions controlling the decomposition behaviour.
Thermal decomposition of ADC depends on processing conditions and activators or “kickers” used empirically to adjust gas yield, rate of yield, and decomposition temperature. These parameters also have a profound effect on the foaming process and foam properties. This work attempts to establish some fundamental variables by studying the effect of time, temperature and formulation on the thermal decomposition of ADC (in the absence of polymer matrix). Gas evolution rate apparatus was used to study thermal decomposition of ADC as a function of particle size and to determine the effects of introducing varying proportions of ZnO, zinc stearate and stearic acid as activators. DSC measurements were also used to study decomposition temperatures. The effect of particle aggregation on total gas yield was also investigated. It was shown that lowest decomposition temperatures of ADC alone, are achieved at lower heating rates (182°C at 0.25°C/min), whereas higher heating rates result in a significant increase of the decomposition temperature (260°C at 100°C/min). In addition, studies of total gas yield showed that the volume of gas liberated increased with increasing heating rate (from 250 cc/g at 2.5°C/ min to 350 cc/g at 11°C/min). The decomposition temperature, rate of gas yield and total gas yield are further complicated by particle size distribution, amount and type of additives used, degree of dispersion of the additives and the blowing agent, and together with processing conditions, produce a unique set of conditions controlling the decomposition behaviour.
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