Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study of Phenol Removal from Water Using Activated Carbon Synthesizes from Avocado Kernel Seed

Abstract

ABSTRACT. This study was aimed for removal of phenol from water using activated carbon synthesize from avocado kernel seeds by adsorption onto it. For adsorption process cleaned and washed avocado kernel seeds (Persea americana) were dried at 100°C in an oven overnight and carbonization was carried out by increasing the furnace temperature at a rate of 5 °C/min to a final temperature of 800 °C for 160 minutes. Then, the activated carbon was powdered and sieved, washed with distilled water until the solution pH reached 7.0. Optimization of activated carbon was performed through effects of solution pH, contact time; initial phenol concentration and temperature of the adsorption. The kinetic studies of the adsorption process were achieved by verifying various models and the data obtained was best fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherms models were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin to validate the adsorption process. It was found that Langmuir model was best fitted to the obtained result for both adsorbents.

Removing Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions Using Rice Husk Silica Adsorbent

“…In similar conditions, the removal efficiency will get reduced to 60.8% if the concentration is increased to 100 mgL -1 . This result is consistent with the results obtained by Dejene et al in 2016 [28] and Ghoreyshi et al in 2014 [29]. Moreover, Jafarimansorian et al in 2013 reported in their study on the removal of methylene blue by means of walnut shell ashes that the efficiency will be reduced if the initial concentration of methylene blue is increased.…”

“…One of the important parameters in the adsorption process is the amount of the pH value of the aqueous solution [28,29]. In this study, the effect of the initial pH of the solution (range of 5-9) on the removal efficiency of methylene blue by the rice husk silica (adsorbent dose of 1 gL -1 with 50 mgL -1 methylene blue and a contact time of 60 minutes) was investigated.…”

“…In other words, at low concentrations the ratio of available surface to the initial concentration of pollutants is larger and thus the removal becomes independent of initial concentrations. However, in the case of higher concentrations, this ratio is low and therefore the removal efficiency depends on the initial concentration [28].…”

Phenol adsorption on Ca / TiO2 catalysts

“…The positive value of ΔH° indicates the endothermic nature of the process of adsorption and suggests that the transfer of the ions of phenol of the aqueous phase to the solid phase requires energy. As, we notice as in the presence of formic acid ΔH° ˃ 40 kJ/mol representing a high energy that would indicate that the reaction of adsorption of phenol would be a chemical adsorption on the other hand in absence of formic acid ΔH°˂ 40 kJ/mol, the reaction of adsorption of phenol would be a physical adsorption, the similar results were reported recently (Kassahun and al., 2016).…”

Adsorbents for Water and Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery

“…The authors showed that the positive correlation between pyrolysis temperature and hydrophobic interactions, thus hydrophobicity, is a driving force in the sorption of MC-LR. Teixidó et al [118] described sorption removal of hydrophilic sulfamethazine by biochar with electron donor-acceptor interaction between protonated aniline ring and on π-electrons rich carbon surface as the predominant driving force. However, this kind of interaction is not a major force during MCs interactions with biochar-based sorbents.…”