Kinetic &amp; thermodynamic studies of green fuel additive solketal from crude glycerol over metakaolin clay catalyst

Zahid, Imtisal; Ayoub, Muhammad; Nazir, Muhammad Hamza; Sher, Farooq; Shamsuddin, Rashid; Abdullah, Bawadi bin; Ameen, Mariam

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2023.107029

Biomass and Bioenergy

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2023.107029

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Kinetic & thermodynamic studies of green fuel additive solketal from crude glycerol over metakaolin clay catalyst

Imtisal Zahid,

Muhammad Ayoub,

Muhammad Hamza Nazir

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

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Metal‐ and Acid‐Free Photocatalytic Approach Using Quinone‐Based Hyper‐Crosslinked Porous Catalysts for the Valorization of Glycerol into Solketal

Matarín,

González‐Aguilera,

Ferrer

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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Two metal‐ and acid‐free anthracene and anthraquinone‐based photocatalysts (HCP‐AQ‐2Ph and HCP‐AN‐2Ph) are synthesized and used for the effective acetalization of glycerol to obtain selectively solketal, an added‐value compound with several industrial applications and high demand as an oxygenated additive of fuels. HCP‐AQ‐2Ph and HCP‐AN‐2Ph were prepared by a Friedel‐Crafts coupling reaction between the anthraquinone (AQ) or anthracene (A) and biphenyl (2Ph) as co‐monomer which led to the formation of high thermally stable hyper‐crosslinked porous networks with specific surface areas of 295 and 596 m2.g‐1 respectively. Initial tests suggested that HCP‐AN‐2Ph is a less efficient catalyst compared to HCP‐AQ‐2Ph. However, subsequent runs indicate that during the first trial, the anthracene units are oxidized, resulting in a catalyst (HCP‐AN(OX)‐2Ph) just as effective as the anthraquinone‐based one. The quantitative and selective conversion of glycerol into solketal is achieved in just 3 h using a 4wt% catalyst and maintaining this catalytic performance for at least 5 cycles. In addition, the process can be scaled allowing the obtaining of solketal with high purity on a gram scale. These results place these catalysts among the most effective for the selective production of solketal from glycerol compared to previously reported metal‐or acid‐catalyzed reaction.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Metal‐ and Acid‐Free Photocatalytic Approach Using Quinone‐Based Hyper‐Crosslinked Porous Catalysts for the Valorization of Glycerol into Solketal

Matarín,

González‐Aguilera,

Ferrer

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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Development of Porous WO3/SAPO-34 Solid Catalyst for the Conversion of Glycerol to Fuel Performance Improving Bio-additive (Solketal)

Farooq,

Zaid,

Ramli

et al. 2024

Arab J Sci Eng

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A strategy for enhanced hydrogen generation: The effect of varying atmospheres on in-situ gasification in heavy oil reservoirs

Zhao,

Wang,

Ren

et al. 2024

Applied Energy

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Kinetic & thermodynamic studies of green fuel additive solketal from crude glycerol over metakaolin clay catalyst

Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

Metal‐ and Acid‐Free Photocatalytic Approach Using Quinone‐Based Hyper‐Crosslinked Porous Catalysts for the Valorization of Glycerol into Solketal

Metal‐ and Acid‐Free Photocatalytic Approach Using Quinone‐Based Hyper‐Crosslinked Porous Catalysts for the Valorization of Glycerol into Solketal

Development of Porous WO3/SAPO-34 Solid Catalyst for the Conversion of Glycerol to Fuel Performance Improving Bio-additive (Solketal)

A strategy for enhanced hydrogen generation: The effect of varying atmospheres on in-situ gasification in heavy oil reservoirs

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