Kinesthetic motor imagery modulates body sway

Rodrigues, Elisa da Conceição; Lemos, Thiago; Gouvea, B.; Volchan, Eliane; Imbiriba, Luís Aureliano; Vargas, Claudia D.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.04.081

Cited by 36 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A further possibility is that postural adjustments that anticipate or accompany imagined arm movements could also trigger reactive adjustments because imag- ined movements do not actually deliver the perturbations that would counteract the anticipatory adjustments. Rodrigues et al (2010) considered a similar possibility (a mismatch between movement representations evoked by imagery and the subsequent absence of actual peripheral activity) in explaining the increase in AP sway they observed when standing participants imagined plantar flexion movements. These considerations suggest that the characteristics of postural actions surrounding imagined movements may be complex and span a longer time period than the duration of the movements per se.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In previous research on posture control during motor imagery (e.g., Grangeon et al 2011;Rodrigues et al 2010), center-of-pressure measures were obtained from ground reaction forces using a force platform, whereas we measured body sway directly from the hip and head segments using electromagnetic motion trackers. Unlike in the previous studies, the present experiment involved (physical or imagined) extension of upper body mass away from the main axis of the standing body.…”

Section: Sway Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether imagery of such movements interacts with posture control has only recently begun to be investigated. Rodrigues et al (2010) measured participants' body sway while they imagined plantar flexion movements. They found that imagery of this task using the kinesthetic modality (i.e., imagining making the movements from the first-person perspective) resulted in increased anteroposterior body sway.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The imagery tasks used in the studies by Rodrigues et al (2010) and Grangeon et al (2011) involved lower body muscles that were simultaneously active in supporting the body in upright stance. Manual actions can be more subtly related to standing in that they may not directly task the same muscles but require support from postural actions to retain the body's balance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body posture modulates imagined arm movements and responds to them

Boulton

Mitra

2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Boulton H, Mitra S. Body posture modulates imagined arm movements and responds to them. J Neurophysiol 110: 2617-2626. First published September 18, 2013 doi:10.1152/jn.00488.2013.-Imagined movements are thought to simulate physical ones, with similar behavioral constraints and neurophysiological activation patterns and with an inhibition mechanism that suppresses movement execution. When upper body movements such as reaching with the arm are made from an upright stance, lower body and trunk muscles are also activated to maintain body posture. It is not clear to what extent parameters of imagined manual movements are sensitive to the postural adjustments their execution would necessitate, nor whether such postural responses are as effectively inhibited as the imagined movements themselves. We asked healthy young participants to imagine reaching movements of the arm while in upright stance, and we measured their self-reported movement times and postural sway during imagined movements. We manipulated mediolateral stance stability and the direction of arm movement (mediolateral or anteroposterior). Imagined arm movements were reportedly slower when subjects were standing in a mediolaterally less stable stance, and the body swayed more when arm movements were imagined in the direction of postural vulnerability. The results suggest that the postural state of the whole body, not just the involved limbs, informs trajectory planning during motor imagery and that measurable adjustments to body posture accompany imagined manual actions. It has been suggested that movement is suppressed during motor imagery by a premotor inhibitory mechanism operating at brain stem or spinal level. Any such inhibition must be incomplete because, for example, it does not eliminate autonomic arousal. Our results suggest that it also does not effectively suppress postural adjustments planned in support of imagined movements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Sway Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Body posture modulates imagined arm movements and responds to them

Boulton

Mitra

2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…For example, Rodrigues et al (2010) found that imagining plantar flexions of the foot amplified anteroposterior sway, whereas Grangeon et al (2011) reported that postural sway decreased when imagining a series of counter-movement vertical jumps. Boulton and Mitra (2013) investigated imagery of manual reaching movements while standing, and found that postural sway increased when participants imagined arm movements in the direction of postural instability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incomplete inhibition of central postural commands during manual motor imagery

Boulton

Mitra

2015

Brain Research

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Imagined movements exhibit many of the behavioral and neurophysiological characteristics of executed actions. As a result, they are considered simulations of physical actions with an inhibition mechanism that suppresses overt movement. This inhibition is incomplete, as it does not block autonomic preparation, and it also does not effectively suppress postural adjustments planned in support of imagined movements. It has been suggested that a central inhibition command may fail to suppress postural adjustments because it may not have access to afference-based elaborations of the postural response that occur downstream of central motor planning.Here, we measured changes in the postural response associated with imagining manual reaching movements under varying levels of imagined loading of the arm. We also manipulated stance stability, and found that postural sway reduced with increased (imagined) arm loading when imagining reaching movements from the less stable stance. As there were no afferent signals associated with the loading constraint, these results suggest that postural adjustments can leak during motor imagery because the postural component of the central motor plan is itself not inhibited effectively.

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Age-related differences in postural adjustments during limb movement and motor imagery in young and older adults

et al. 2020

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Recent research has shown that systematic postural adjustments occur during periods of manual motor imagery (MI), but the timing (anticipatory or reactive) and directionality (against or in the direction of arm extension) of these postural motions relative to individual manual actions or imagery are not well understood. This study analyzed the anteroposterior hip and head motion of healthy young and older participants, while they imagined bilateral arm raises under self-initiated or environmentally triggered performance conditions. When MI was self-initiated, both age groups showed significant forward postural motion during the second prior to MI initiation. When MI (or physical arm movement) was environmentally triggered, however, older people did not show anticipatory forward postural motion, but did show compensatory backward head motion. These results suggest that manual MI is indeed accompanied by anticipatory postural motion, but this anticipation is attenuated in older people when they do not have control over the timing of manual movement onset.

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Kinesthetic motor imagery modulates body sway

Cited by 36 publications

References 57 publications

Body posture modulates imagined arm movements and responds to them

Body posture modulates imagined arm movements and responds to them

Incomplete inhibition of central postural commands during manual motor imagery

Age-related differences in postural adjustments during limb movement and motor imagery in young and older adults

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