Kinematics of Jurassic rifting, mantle exhumation, and passive-margin formation in the Austroalpine and Penninic nappes (eastern Switzerland)

Froitzheim, Nikolaus; Manatschal, Giänreto

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<1120:kojrme>2.3.co;2

Cited by 231 publications

(209 citation statements)

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“…In this case, the insight came first from field studies on the continent, to later illuminate the geodynamics of the passive margin and of the ocean. More recently the interpretation of the West Iberia OCB as a result of low-angle normal shearing of the lithosphere was successfully applied to the palaeo-OCB of the Valais and Ligurian oceans preserved in the Alpine belt (Florineth & Froitzheim 1994;Froitzheim & Manatschal 1996;Hermann & Mtintener 1996;Manatschal & Nievergelt 1997;. In turn, Alpine studies have aided interpretation of the Iberia margin, mainly because of the relatively easy availability of structural kinematic data (shearsense determination, overprinting relations between faults and shear zones, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this model represents a good firstorder approximation of the rifting process, three sets of observations necessitate some modifications: (1) the model does not take into account the rheological and thermal changes in the lithosphere during the rifting and continental break-up processes, and especially the presence of magma chambers at the top of the mantle. (2) Field observations in the Alpine former margins (Froitzheim & Manatschal 1996;Hermann & Mfintener 1996; see also Handy et al 1999) suggest a discontinuous, two-stage evolution of rifting, with a fundamental reorganization of fault patterns between the two stages. In the Alps, the second stage appears to be governed by asymmetric, unidirectionally dipping detachment faults (Fig.…”

Section: Rift Evolution and The Geometry Of Extensional Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the Iberia and Newfoundland margins) is also necessary. Another promising target is to restudy the (unfortunately strongly metamorphosed and deformed) former margins that once were conjugate with the well-preserved Tethys margins NW of Apulia (Froitzheim & Manatschal 1996;Hermann & Mtintener 1996;Manatschal & Nievergelt 1997;Desmurs et al 1999Desmurs et al , 2001 and NW of the Brianqonnais terrane (Florineth & Froitzheim 1994).…”

Section: Rift Evolution and The Geometry Of Extensional Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From their analogue experiment, Brun & Beslier (1996) came to the conclusion that conjugate margins are probably symmetrical at the lithospheric scale, whereas other workers have proposed they are fundamentally asymmetric (Wernicke 1985;Boillot et al 1987aBoillot et al , 1989aLemoine et al 1987;Etheridge et al 1989;Wernicke & Tilke 1989;Froitzheim & Manatschal 1996 , Fig. 10).…”

Section: Rift Evolution and The Geometry Of Extensional Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-volcanic rifted margins, continental break-up and the onset of sea-floor spreading: some outstanding questions

Boillot

Froitzheim

2001

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During the last 20 years, regional studies on the West Iberia margin and on the former margins of the Tethys have considerably advanced the understanding of processes related to continental break-up and the onset of sea-floor spreading. However, some questions remain outstanding. To tentatively answer these, a coherent interpretation of available data is proposed, based on the detachment fault concept applied to the continental as well as the oceanic lithosphere, and on the hypothesis of a multi-staged rifting process. The interpretation addresses the nature of the lower crust beneath non-volcanic passive margins, the origin of ophicalcites, the probable time gap between syn-or post-rift crystallization of gabbros and extrusion of basalts on the sea floor, and the significance of dipping reflectors within oceanic lithosphere adjacent to non-volcanic passive margins. The interpretation also considers the symmetry v. asymmetry of continental rifting and break-up, the location of the ocean-continent boundary, and the possible association of magnetic quiet zones with ultramafic sea floor (serpentinized peridotite) bordering non-volcanic passive margins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rift Evolution and The Geometry Of Extensional Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rift Evolution and The Geometry Of Extensional Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rift Evolution and The Geometry Of Extensional Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-volcanic rifted margins, continental break-up and the onset of sea-floor spreading: some outstanding questions

Boillot

Froitzheim

2001

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“…A se quence of rift ing events equiv a lent to that de scribed above was re con structed for large ar eas of the Eu ro pean, Austroalpine and South Al pine shelves of the Al pine Tethys/At lan tic (e.g., Lemoine et al, 1986;Froitzheim and Eberli, 1990;Bernoulli et al, 1993;Froitzheim and Manatschal, 1996;Claudel and Dumont, 1999). Li assic sym met ri cal rift ing was suc ceeded by Mid dle Ju ras sic sim ple shear ex tension and break-up of the Ligurian-Piemont Ocean, which pro -duced also ther mal up lift of the broad, up per plate Briançonnais rift shoul der.…”

Section: Rifting Phasesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Jurassic syn-rift and Cretaceous syn-orogenic, coarse-grained deposits related to opening and closure of the Vahic (South Penninic) Ocean in the Western Carpathians – an overview

Plašienka

2012

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Al though no un doubted oce anic crustal rock com plexes of Penninic af fin ity par tic i pate in the pres ent sur face struc ture of the West ern Carpathians, in di rect lines of ev i dence sug gest pro lon ga tion of the South Penninic-Vahic oce anic tract into the an cient Carpathians. The sed i men tary re cord of both the syn-rift and syn-orogenic clastic de pos its re veal their or i gin be tween the outer Tatric (Austroalpine) and the in ner Oravic (Mid dle Penninic) mar gins. The rift ing re gime is ex em pli fied by the nor mal fault-re lated scarp brec cias of the Ju ras sic Borinka Unit in the Malé Karpaty Mts., which are char ac ter ized by lo cal, grad u ally de nuded source ar eas. Two other re gions pro vide exam ples of a contractional re gime, both re lated to short en ing and clo sure of the Vahic oce anic do main. The Belice Unit in the Považský Inovec Mts. in cludes Up per Ju ras sic-Lower Cre ta ceous eupelagic, mostly si li ceous de pos its and a thick en ing-up wards Senonian sequence of turbiditic sand stones, con glom er ates and cha otic brec cias. It is in ferred that this suc ces sion rep re sents the sed i men tary cover of oce anic crust ap proach ing a trench, its in cor po ra tion in the accretionary com plex and fi nally underthrusting be low the outer Tatric mar gin. In the Oravic units of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, deep-ma rine con glom er ate/brec cia bod ies with olistoliths in di cate col li sion-related thrust stack ing that started from the Maastrichtian (Gregorianka Brec cia of the Sub-Pieniny Unit) and ter mi nated with the Lower Eocene Milpoš Brec cia in the Šariš Unit. In ad di tion, a ten ta tive re cy cling scheme of "ex otic" clastic ma te rial from mid-Cre ta ceous conglom er ates of the Klape Unit to var i ous Klippen Belt units is out lined. This ma te rial is con sid ered to be un re lated to the Vahic oce anic realm and its clo sure, and likely rep re sents ero sional prod ucts of more dis tant orogenic zones. Dušan Plašienka, De part ment of Ge ol ogy and Palae on tol ogy, Fac ulty of Nat u ral Sci ences, Comenius Uni ver sity,

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A purely structural restoration of the NFP20‐East cross section and potential tectonic overpressure in the Adula nappe (central Alps)

Pleuger

Podladchikov

2014

Tectonics

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Common extrusion-type models for the high-to ultrahigh-pressure Adula nappe require a major normal fault along the top of this unit which is not conveyed in the structural record. This implies that such a normal fault existed but was completely erased during later deformational stages. However, there is evidence that decompression occurred during top-to-the-foreland thrusting. We performed a new, purely structural kinematic restoration of the central part of the NFP20-East cross section in order to estimate the burial depths of individual units without converting petrological pressure data into depth under the assumption that pressures were lithostatic. The results show that pressures within most of the units were close to but somewhat higher than lithostatic for several stages of the tectono-metamorphic history. Only for the maximum burial stage of the Adula nappe, we estimate local tectonic overpressures of 40 to 80% of the lithostatic pressures. Accepting such an amount of overpressure, which is moderate compared to values theoretically possible, the Adula nappe was probably not subducted to subcrustal depth. We propose that the structural record of the Penninic nappe stack is quite complete and suggest that the decay of tectonic overpressure is a feasible explanation for decompression from eclogite-to amphibolite-facies conditions during thrusting. Consequently, exhumation and convergence rates of the Eocene to Oligocene Alps may be smaller than previously assumed.

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Kinematics of Jurassic rifting, mantle exhumation, and passive-margin formation in the Austroalpine and Penninic nappes (eastern Switzerland)

Cited by 231 publications

References 0 publications

Non-volcanic rifted margins, continental break-up and the onset of sea-floor spreading: some outstanding questions

Non-volcanic rifted margins, continental break-up and the onset of sea-floor spreading: some outstanding questions

Jurassic syn-rift and Cretaceous syn-orogenic, coarse-grained deposits related to opening and closure of the Vahic (South Penninic) Ocean in the Western Carpathians – an overview

A purely structural restoration of the NFP20‐East cross section and potential tectonic overpressure in the Adula nappe (central Alps)

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