Kinematic wave modelling in water resources: a historical perspective

Singh, Vijay P.

doi:10.1002/hyp.99

Cited by 76 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 218 publications

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“…The height of liquid water, h w , is controlled by the amount of liquid precipitation, melt and outflow of the snow pack. Water outflow is calculated according to Nomura (1994) and Singh (2001) by a kinematic wave approximation. If the liquid water content, θ , is larger than the residual water content, θ r , then the outflow O is obtained as O = cρ w θ h d w with c and d as constants and ρ w as the density of water.…”

Section: Ssa Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of Saharan dust and black carbon on albedo and long-term mass balance of an Alpine glacier

Gabbi¹,

Huss

Bauder³

et al. 2015

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Light-absorbing impurities in snow and ice control glacier melt as shortwave radiation represents the main component of the surface energy balance. Here, we investigate the long-term effect of snow impurities, i.e., mineral dust and black carbon (BC), on albedo and glacier mass balance. The analysis was performed over the period 1914-2014 for two sites on Claridenfirn, Swiss Alps, where an outstanding 100-year record of seasonal mass balance measurements is available. Information on atmospheric deposition of mineral dust and BC over the last century was retrieved from two firn/ice cores of high-alpine sites. A combined mass balance and snow/firn layer model was employed to assess the effects of melt and accumulation processes on the impurity concentration at the surface and thus on albedo and glacier mass balance. Compared to pure snow conditions, the presence of Saharan dust and BC lowered the mean annual albedo by 0.04-0.06 depending on the location on the glacier. Consequently, annual melt was increased by 15-19 %, and the mean annual mass balance was reduced by about 280-490 mm w.e. BC clearly dominated absorption which is about 3 times higher than that of mineral dust. The upper site has experienced mainly positive mass balances and impurity layers were continuously buried whereas at the lower site, surface albedo was more strongly influenced by re-exposure of dust and BC-enriched layers due to frequent years with negative mass balances.

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Section: Ssa Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of Saharan dust and black carbon on albedo and long-term mass balance of an Alpine glacier

Gabbi¹,

Huss

Bauder³

et al. 2015

The Cryosphere

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“…This synthetic event analysis has been prioritized over using the classic CN method (US SCS 1992). The runoff component of the model is expressed in the kinematic wave equation for catchments (Kibler & Woolhiser 1970;Singh 1996;Beven 2006) solved through the finite difference methods and the explicit numerical Lax-Wendroff scheme (Singh 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to reach a compromise solution on technical and non-structural flood control measures

et al. 2014

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Kovář P., Pelikán M., Heřmanovská D., Vrana I. Harmful impacts of floods are the result of an interaction between extreme hydrological events and environmental, social, and economic processes. Flood management should consider many diverse aspects and influences and an integrated approach to flood management therefore plays an important role. In order to make an analysis and provide an adequate flood management, it is necessary to bring together a team comprising experts e.g. from the fields of hydrology and water resources, nature protection, risk management, human security, municipal administration, economics, and land use. Estimates by experts can serve finding solutions to given YES/NO problems, and estimating the value of specific attributes or parameters. It is not easy to adopt the solution which represents the best possible agreement among the participating experts, since experts and other participants can represent diverse standpoints. In particular, landowners and leaseholders upstream a catchment are often in a different position than the members of the municipal flood control committee downstream in a city with a high inhabitancy. In order to measure and evaluate the level of agreement between experts and landowners, a newly developed method for assessing the level of agreement and the τ-agreement value was applied. The aim of the present paper is to illustrate the use of a fuzzy-group-agreement decision-making procedure of this kind, involving a broad range of standpoints in a case study of the Zdravá Voda catchment, Žarošice, Czech Republic. This illustration has been made by comparison of hydrological model scenarios with the experts' decision. The method used in the paper applied towards aggregating expert proposals expressed as fuzzy quantities to propose a binary solution to estimate a decisive parameter numerical value. The decision achieved for the Zdravá Voda catchment was that the efficiency of structural measures (polder) was superior over the non-structural measures (replacement of the arable land by grassland).

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“…(6) also vanishes and the diffusive wave becomes the kinematic wave equation, with D = 0 in Eq. (7) (Singh, 2001(Singh, , 2002. The diffusive wave in the historic formulations (Cunge, 1969;Akan and Yen, 1981) or in more recent works (Rutschmann and Hager, 1996;Wang et al, 2006Wang et al, , 2014Swain and Sahoo, 2015) can thus be considered a higher-order approximation than the kinematic wave approximation (Katopodes, 1982;Zoppou and O'Neill, 1982;Daluz Vieira, 1983;Ferrick, 1985;Ponce, 1990).…”

Section: Water Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of modelling choices for 1-D free-surface flow and morphodynamics in hydrology and hydraulics: a review

Cheviron

Moussa²

2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This review paper investigates the determinants of modelling choices, for numerous applications of 1-D freesurface flow and morphodynamic equations in hydrology and hydraulics, across multiple spatiotemporal scales. We aim to characterize each case study by its signature composed of model refinement (Navier-Stokes: NS; Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes: RANS; Saint-Venant: SV; or approximations to Saint-Venant: ASV), spatiotemporal scales and subscales (domain length: L from 1 cm to 1000 km; temporal scale: T from 1 s to 1 year; flow depth: H from 1 mm to 10 m; spatial step for modelling: δL; temporal step: δT ), flow typology (Overland: O; High gradient: Hg; Bedforms: B; Fluvial: F), and dimensionless numbers (dimensionless time period T * , Reynolds number Re, Froude number Fr, slope S, inundation ratio z , Shields number θ ). The determinants of modelling choices are therefore sought in the interplay between flow characteristics and cross-scale and scale-independent views. The influence of spatiotemporal scales on modelling choices is first quantified through the expected correlation between increasing scales and decreasing model refinements (though modelling objectives also show through the chosen spatial and temporal subscales). Then flow typology appears a secondary but important determinant in the choice of model refinement. This finding is confirmed by the discriminating values of several dimensionless numbers, which prove preferential associations between model refinements and flow typologies. This review is intended to help modellers in positioning their choices with respect to the most frequent practices, within a generic, normative procedure possibly enriched by the community for a larger, comprehensive and updated image of modelling strategies.

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Kinematic wave modelling in water resources: a historical perspective

Cited by 76 publications

References 218 publications

The impact of Saharan dust and black carbon on albedo and long-term mass balance of an Alpine glacier

The impact of Saharan dust and black carbon on albedo and long-term mass balance of an Alpine glacier

How to reach a compromise solution on technical and non-structural flood control measures

Determinants of modelling choices for 1-D free-surface flow and morphodynamics in hydrology and hydraulics: a review

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