Kinematic features of wheelchair propulsion

Sanderson, David J.; Sommer, Henry J.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(85)90277-5

Cited by 149 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Furthermore, measures of cycle time in the present study (B1.17 s) were within the 0.8-1.5 s range reported in other studies. 63 The push time (24-43% of the cycle time) and recovery time (57-76% of the cycle time) values observed in our study were also similar to previous values. 18,19,21,64 Our findings are consistent with the literature and support the belief that fatigue results in modifications of intersegmental coordination.…”

Section: Figure 4 Mpf During the Heavy Exercise Boutsupporting

confidence: 91%

Changes in oxygen uptake, shoulder muscles activity, and propulsion cycle timing during strenuous wheelchair exercise

et al. 2006

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Study design: Cross-over study. Objective: To determine the effect of strenuous wheelchair exercise on oxygen uptake ( . VO 2 ), muscle activity and propulsion cycle timing (including the push time and recovery time during one full arm cycle). Setting: Laboratory of Sport Sciences at the University of France-Comte in France. Methods: Two exercise bouts of 6-min duration were performed at a constant workload:(1) non-fatigable exercise (moderate workload) and (2) fatigable exercise (heavy workload). Measurement of .VO 2 , surface electromyographic activity (EMG) from shoulder muscles, and temporal parameters of wheelchair ergometer propulsion were collected from eight able-bodied men (2674 years). Results: A progressive increase in .VO 2 associated with EMG alterations (Po0.05), and a decrease of the cycle and recovery time (Po0.05) during the heavy exercise. Whereas the push time remained constant, an increased muscle activation time (Po0.05) was found during heavy exercise. Conclusion: Observations during wheelchair ergometry indicate the development of fatigue and inefficient muscle coordination, which may contribute to deleterious stress distributions at the shoulder joint, increasing susceptibility to injury.

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Section: Figure 4 Mpf During the Heavy Exercise Boutsupporting

confidence: 91%

Changes in oxygen uptake, shoulder muscles activity, and propulsion cycle timing during strenuous wheelchair exercise

et al. 2006

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“…Curbs, bumps, cracks in the pavement, and door thresholds can also be troublesome for wheelchair users [2]. In a majority of wheelchair propulsion studies, a wheelchair ergometer [3][4][5], dynamometer [6], roller system [7], or treadmill [8][9] are used to simulate wheelchair motion. A stationary system is ideal when certain measurements are needed, such as electromyography of arm musculature, positions of the upper body, and/or physiological data; however, this type of system does not represent the surfaces that a wheelchair user would encounter on a daily basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A kinetic analysis of manual wheelchair propulsion during start-up on select indoor and outdoor surfaces

Koontz

Cooper²,

Boninger³

et al. 2005

JRRD

111

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Abstract-The objective of this study was to conduct a kinetic analysis of manual wheelchair propulsion during start-up on select indoor and outdoor surfaces. Eleven manual wheelchairs were fitted with a SMART Wheel and their users were asked to push on a course consisting of high-and low-pile carpet, indoor tile, interlocking concrete pavers, smooth level concrete, grass, hardwood flooring, and a sidewalk with a 5-degree grade. Peak resultant force, wheel torque, mechanical effective force, and maximum resultant force rate of rise were analyzed during startup for each surface and normalized relative to their steady-state values on the smooth level concrete. Additional variables included peak velocity, distance traveled, and number of strokes in the first 5 s of the trial. We compared biomechanical data between surfaces using repeated-measures mixed models and paired comparisons with a Bonferroni adjustment. Applied resultant force (p = 0.0154), wheel torque (p < 0.0001), and mechanical effective force (p = 0.0047) were significantly different between surfaces. The kinetic values for grass, interlocking pavers, and ramp ascent were typically higher compared with tile, wood, smooth level concrete, and high-and low-pile carpet. Users were found to travel shorter distances up the ramp and across grass (p < 0.0025) and had a higher stroke count on the ramp (p = 0.0124). While peak velocity was not statistically different, average velocity was slower for the ramp and grass, which indicates greater wheelchair/user deceleration between strokes. The differences noted between surfaces highlight the importance of evaluating wheelchair propulsion ability over a range of surfaces.Key words: access, biomechanics, community access, driving surfaces, manual wheelchair, propulsion forces, ramps, rolling resistance, sidewalks, standards, surface resistances, wheelchair propulsion.Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance, MEF = mechanical effective force, NVWG = National Veterans Wheelchair Games, SCI = spinal cord injury, 3-D = three dimensional, VA = Department of Veterans Affairs.

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“…This initial hand contact marks the end of the recovery phase and beginning of the push phase. The recovery phase of WCP has been studied and four types of hand movement patterns have been identified, based on the kinematics of the hand or the wrist relative to the rim during the propulsion cycle 9,10 ( Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of choice of recovery patterns on handrim kinetics in manual wheelchair users with paraplegia and tetraplegia

Raina

McNitt-Gray

Mulroy

et al. 2012

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Background: Impact forces experienced by the upper limb at the beginning of each wheelchair propulsion (WCP) cycle are among the highest forces experienced by wheelchair users. Objective: To determine whether the magnitude of hand/forearm velocity prior to impact and effectiveness of rim impact force are dependent on the type of hand trajectory pattern chosen by the user during WCP. Avoiding patterns that inherently cause higher impact force and have lower effectiveness can be another step towards preserving upper limb function in wheelchair users. Methods: Kinematic (50 Hz) and kinetic (2500 Hz) data were collected on 34 wheelchair users (16 with paraplegia and 18 with tetraplegia); all participants had motor complete spinal cord injuries ASIA A or B. The four-hand trajectory patterns were analyzed based on velocity prior to contact, peak impact force and the effectiveness of force at impact. Results: A high correlation was found between the impact force and the relative velocity of the hand with respect to the wheel (P < 0.05). The wheelchair users with paraplegia were found to have higher effectiveness of force at impact as compared to the users with tetraplegia (P < 0.05). No significant differences in the impact force magnitudes were found between the four observed hand trajectory patterns. Conclusion: The overall force effectiveness tended to be associated with the injury level of the user and was found to be independent of the hand trajectory patterns.

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Kinematic features of wheelchair propulsion

Cited by 149 publications

References 3 publications

Changes in oxygen uptake, shoulder muscles activity, and propulsion cycle timing during strenuous wheelchair exercise

Changes in oxygen uptake, shoulder muscles activity, and propulsion cycle timing during strenuous wheelchair exercise

A kinetic analysis of manual wheelchair propulsion during start-up on select indoor and outdoor surfaces

Effect of choice of recovery patterns on handrim kinetics in manual wheelchair users with paraplegia and tetraplegia

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