Kinase Inhibitors from Marine Sponges

Abstract

Protein kinases play a critical role in cell regulation and their deregulation is a contributing factor in an increasing list of diseases including cancer. Marine sponges have yielded over 70 novel compounds to date that exhibit significant inhibitory activity towards a range of protein kinases. These compounds, which belong to diverse structural classes, are reviewed herein, and ordered based upon the kinase that they inhibit. Relevant synthetic studies on the marine natural product kinase inhibitors have also been included.

Secondary Metabolites from Polar Organisms

“…Marine sponges are the largest source of new marine natural products reported annually [11,12,13] and have provided a rich array of biologically important compounds [92]. There are a large number of studies on sponges from warm or tropical waters, whereas little is known about the chemistry of sponges from the Arctic or Antarctic waters.…”

Marine Pharmaceuticals: A New Wave of Anti-angiogenic Drugs

“…This group includes an array of substrate specific kinases like Protein Kinase C (PKC), Cyclindependent kinases (CDK-1, CDK-4), tyrosine protein kinase (TPK), Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) among others. They play varied and important role in angiogenic signal transmission pathways by controlling cell differentiation, cell proliferation, DNA damage repair, cell migration and apoptosis [36]. Currently known kinase inhibitors are mostly competitive inhibitors which act by mimicking the adenine region of ATP which is the binding region of kinase and ATP [37].…”

High‐Throughput Screening of Marine Resources

“…Considering the critical importance of natural products derived from living organisms in the discovery and development of bioactive agents of medical interest, the marine environment represents a vast resource to discover novel chemical structures with novel modes of action. For instance, 47% of all drugs used in anticancer treatments are natural products and/or derivatives (Skropeta, Pastro, and Zivanovic, 2011). During recent years, a growing number of new chemical entities with potent pharmacological properties obtained from marine organisms have been described (Vinothkumar and Parameswaran, 2013;Hu et al, 2011;Molinski et al, 2009) (Figure 23.1).…”